,, 

. 


if  — r    -^c  v  w 


ROLL 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  MEN 


,    CAPE    BRETON, 


1745. 


CONCORD,    N.    H .  : 

EDWARD    N.    PEARSON,    PUBLIC    PRINTER. 
189G  . 


Nf 


JOINT  RESOLUTION  TO  AUTHORIZE  THE  GOVERNOR  AND 
COUNCIL  TO  APPOINT  A  PERSON  OR  PERSONS  TO 
REPRESENT  THE  STATE  OF  NEW  HAMPSHIRE  AT  THE 
PROPOSED  CELEBRATION  AT  LOUISBURG. 

[$500  appropriated.] 

Resolved  by  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  in 
General  Court  convened : 

That  the  governor  and  council  are  hereby  authorized  to 
appoint  a  person  or  persons  to  represent  the  state  of  New 
Hampshire  at  the  proposed  celebration  of  the  one  hundred 
and  fiftieth  anniversary  of  the  capture  of  Louisburg,  to  be 
held  at  Louisburg  June  17,  1895.  Such  representative  or 
representatives  shall  receive  their  actual  expenses  only,  and 
the  same  shall  be  paid  from  any  money  in  the  treasury  not 
otherwise  appropriated,  upon  approval  of  the  governor  and 
council.  The  governor  and  council  are  hereby  further 
authorized  to  cause  to  be  printed  not  exceeding  two  thou 
sand  copies  of  the  report  of  such  representative  or  repre 
sentatives,  together  with  the  names  of  the  soldiers  from 
New  Hampshire  who  served  at  the  capture  of  Louisburg, 
and  all  of  the  historical  facts  connected  therewith,  the  same 
to  be  distributed  as  follows  :  One  copy  to  each  representa 
tive  and  senator  of  the  New  Hampshire  legislature,  one  copy 
to  each  state  officer,  one  copy  to  each  Grand  Army  post  in 
the  state,  one  copy  to  each  town  library  in  the  state,  and 
the  balance  to  be  deposited  in  the  state  library  and  disposed 
of  by  the  trustees  thereof  in  the  same  manner  as  other 
publications  deposited  therein.  The  total  expenditure 
under  this  resolution  shall  not  exceed  five  hundred  dollars. 

[Approved  March  28,  1895.] 

Session  Laws  of  1895,  chapter  138. 


His  EXCELLENCY 

CHARLES  A.  BUSIEL,  GOVERNOR, 

AND  THE  HONORABLE  COUNCIL, 

Appointed  the  writer  special  commissioner  to  represent 
New  Hampshire  at  the  proposed  celebration  at  Louisburg, 
Cape  Breton,  June  IT,  1895,  collect  the  historical  facts, 
names  of  the  New  Hampshire  soldiers  and  sailors  in  the 
expedition,  and  cause  the  same  to  be  published. 

After  one  hundred  and  fifty  years  have  come  and  gone 
since  the  events  took  place,  with  the  loss  of  all  the  muster 
rolls  and  many  other  documents  that  would  throw  light  on 
the  subject,  I  find  the  best  explanation  of  the  situation  by 
Hon.  Charles  Hudson  of  Lexington,  Mass.,  in  the  New 
England  Genealogical  and  Antiquarian  Register,  Vol.  24, 
367  :  "  Every  antiquary  who  has  attempted  to  explore  that 
field  must  have  been  disappointed  in  not  being  able  to  find 
a  list  of  the  gallant  men  who  served  in  the  memorable  ex 
pedition  to  Cape  Breton  in  1745,  when  the  undisciplined 
militia  of  New  England  took  Louisburg  from  the  veteran 
troops  of  France.  It  will  be  recollected  that  that  expedi 
tion  originated  with  the  colony,  and  was  executed  by 
colonial  troops.  The  bravery  displayed  and  the  complete 
success  which  crowned  the  enterprise  attracted  attention 
across  the  Atlantic,  so  that  the  mother  country  readily 
assumed  the  act  and  paid  the  cost  of  the  expedition.  To 
adjust  these  accounts  it  became  necessary  that  they  should 
have  the  rolls,  and  they  were  accordingly  sent  to  England, 
and  have  never  been  returned.  In  fact,  the  same  is  true  of 
the  records  of  the  council  of  that  day ;  they  were  sent  to 
the  home  government,  and  the  copies  now  in  the  archives 
of  the  state  are  transcripts  from  the  original  records.  No 
such  copies  of  these  rolls  have  ever  been  made,  and  hence 
our  archives  furnish  no  lists  of  these  brave  men.  Feeling 
the  great  need  of  some  such  list,  I  have  endeavored  to 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE   MEN   AT   LOUISBURG.  5 

collect  from  all  sources  within  my  reach,  the  names  of  the 
officers  and  soldiers  who  served  in  that  campaign.  But  I 
have  found  the  task  more  difficult  than  I  anticipated.  In 
the  first  place,  but  few  of  the  lists  I  have  been  able  to  find 
give  the  residence  of  the  officers  or  soldiers,  so  that  in  many 
cases  it  is  difficult  to  determine  even  to  what  state  certain 
men  or  detachments  belong.  Neither  do  the  lists  I  have 
been  able  to  find  profess  to  be  full  or  perfect.  In  fact  they 
are  not  properly  rolls  of  the  companies.  They  are,  rather, 
partial  reports  of  the  sanitary  condition  of  certain  detach 
ments  at  particular  stations,  or  of  the  men  assigned  to  a 
particular  command,  or  the  signers  of  petitions  for  a  certain 
object,  or  the  names  of  those  who  empowered  a  certain 
person  to  act  as  their  agent  in  receiving  their  bounty  or 
share  of  the  spoils.  In  some  cases  we  have  only  the  notice 
that  such  an  one  is  in  the  hospital,  or  is  dead,  or  is  dis 
charged  for  inability.  I  have  thought  it  due  to  the  public 
to  make  this  statement,  that  they  may  see  how  much  de 
pendence  may  be  placed  upon  the  lists  I  propose  to  give. 
I  cannot  say  that  they  are  perfect,  or  entirely  reliable,  but 
only  that  I  have  used  my  best  endeavors  to  make  them  as 
perfect  as  my  means  would  allow,  and  I  flatter  myself  that 
my  labors  have  not  been  entirely  in  vain." 

This  description  of  the  situation  of  affairs  by  Mr.  Hudson 
applies  as  well  to  New  Hampshire  as  to  Massachusetts. 
The  number  of  men  from  New  Hampshire  in  the  expedition 
when  it  sailed  for  Louisburg  was  502.  Recruits,  120  at 
least,  and  probably  more.  Have  found  the  names  of  496 
men,  leaving  126  unaccounted  for.  The  residences  of  the 
men,  as  given,  are  the  writer's. 

The  writer  is  under  great  obligations  to  Senator  Gallin- 
ger,  who  called  the  attention  of  Secretary  Olney  to  the 
missing  muster-rolls  and,  through  him,  of  Minister  Bayard 
in  England,  where  the  rolls  undoubtedly  went  as  vouchers, 
although  no  clue  to  them  has  been  obtained  there  yet. 

We  hope  our  members  of  congress,  with  the  assistance 


6  NEW    HAMPSHIRE   MEN    AT    LOUISBUEG. 

of  the  delegations  from  Massachusetts,  Rhode  Island,  and 
Connecticut,  will  secure  an  appropriation  from  the  govern 
ment  to  enable  further  investigations  to  be  made,  and,  if 
possible,  to  obtain  copies  of  the  rolls,  in  order  that  justice 
may  be  done  to  the  memory  of  the  brave  men  who  captured 
Louisburg. 

GEORGP:  c.  GILMORE, 

Special  Commissioner. 
Manchester,  N.  H.,  Sept.  25,  1896. 


The  provincial  government  of  New  Hampshire  in  1745 
consisted  of  a  royal  governor,  council,  and  assembly. 

Governor. 
BENNING  WENTWORTH. 

Council. 

George  Jaffrey, 
Jotham  Odiorn, 
Henry  Sherburne, 
Joseph  Sherburne, 
Ellis  Huske, 
Theodore  Atkinson, 
Samuel  Solley, 
John  Downing, 
Richard  Wibird, 
Samuel  Smith. 

Assembly. 

Province  of    j  Anno  Regni  Regis  Georgii  Secundi,  Magnas 
New  Hampr    (  Brittanise,    Francise    et    Hiberirise,    Decimo 
Octavo,  &c. 

A  Journal  of  the  House  of  Representatives  at  a  General 
Assembly  of  his  Majesty's  Province  of  New  Hampshire  in 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE   MEN   AT   LOUISBURG.  7 

New  Engld  began  and  held  at  Portsm0  in  s(l  Province  on 
Thursday  24  January,  Anno  Dom:  1745. 

(  Nathaniel  Rogers,  Esq 
Portsm0  <  Eleazer  Russell,  Esq 

(  Henry  Sherburn,  jim. 

(  Coll.  Thomas  Wallingford 
Dover  !  Thomas  Millet,  Esq. 

(  Capt.  John  Winget 
TJ  (  Sam1  Palmer,  Esq. 

Q  ^  ,,      {  Mr.  Joseph  Philbrook 
Hampton  JHalls    J  *»      *r    f    ,    rT7 

(  Mr.  Meshech  Wear 

M  (  Col.  Peter  Oilman 

hxeter  j  Ml.  Zeb  Gideo,|g 

Stretham  Moses  Levitt,  Esq. 

New  Castle  William  Erost,  Esq. 

Rye  Jonathan  Lock 

Kingston  Majr  Eben1'  Stevens,  Esq. 

Greenland  Clement  March,  Esq. 

*Newington  George  Walton,  Esq. 

New  Market  Capt.  Israel  Gil  man 

Durham  Capt   Jonathan  Thompson 

Londonderry  Mr  John  Wallace,  Sen 

Friday  Feby  1.  Declared  by  the  House,  not  legally 
elected,  and  dismissed. 

Feby  12.  Mr.  Secretary,  Coll.  Downing  &  Mr.  Wibird 
came  into  the  House  &  declaring  they  were  sent  to  qualify 
John  Fabyan,  Esq.  adminis'1  the  oath  to  him,  &  he  took  his 
place  in  ye  House  being  directed  thereto  by  the  speaker. 


Journal  of  the  House. 

Fryday,  Feby  1st  1745.  Met  according  to  adjournm*  & 
all  ye  members  present. 

Richd  Wibird  Esq.  brought  down  a  letter  from  his  Excy 
Govr  Shirley  with  some  papers  Relating  to  the  proceedings 
of  the  Gov1  of  the  Mass.  Bay  on  an  intended  Expedition  to 
Louisburg. 

*  Elected  to  fill  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  dismissal  of  George  Walton,  Esq. 


8  NEW    HAMPSHIRE   MEN    AT    LOUISBTJRG. 

G-overnor  Shirley's  Communication. 

Province  of  the 
Massachusetts  Bay 

The  Committee  of  both  Houses  upon  the  subject  of  his 
Excellency's  messages  of  the  19th  &  22<l  instant  make  the 
following  report,  viz. 

That  they  have  been  attended  by  two  Gentlemen  who 
have  lately  been  prisoners  at  Louisburg  &  by  others  who 
have  been  traders  there  &  who  are  well  acquainted  with  the 
place,  from  whom  the  Committee  have  received  information 
that  the  Garrison  there  does  not  consist  of  more  than  five 
or  six  hundred  regular  Troops  &  that  there  are  not  above 
three  or  four  hundred  fighting  men  of  the  Inhabitants,  that 
they  have  but  a  small  stock  of  Provisions,  that  they  have 
no  vessels  of  Force  in  their  Harbour,  and  that  the  place  is 
at  this  time  less  capable  of  being  defended  against  an  attack 
than  its  probable,  it  will  be  hereafter. 

The  Committee  therefore  are  of  opinion  that  it  is  incum 
bent  upon  this  Government  to  embrace  this  favourable  oppor 
tunity  to  attempt  the  reduction  thereof;  and  they  humbly 
propose  that  his  Excelly  the  Capt.  General  be  desired  to  give 
forth  his  Proclamation  to  encourage  the  Inlistment  of  three 
Thousand  Volunteers  under  such  proper  officers  as  he  shall 
appoint,  That  each  person  so  enlisting  be  allowed  Twenty- 
five  shillings  pr  month,  &  that  there  be  delivered  to  each 
man  a  blanket,  that  one  month's  pay  be  advanced  &  that 
they  be  entitled  to  all  the  plunder. 

That  provision  be  made  for  the  furnishing  of  necessary 
warlike  stores  for  the  Expedition,  That  four  months  provi 
sions  be  laid  in,  That  a  Committee  be  appointed  to  procure 
&  fit  vessels  to  serve  as  Transports  to  be  ready  to  depart  by 
the  beginning  of  March,  and  that  a  suitable  naval  force  be 
provided  for  their  convoy,  as  this  Court  shall  hereafter  order. 
That  application  be  forthwith  made  to  the  Government  of 
New  York,  the  Jerseys  &  Pennsylvania,  New  Hampshire, 
Connecticutt  &  Rhode  Island  to  furnish  their  respective 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE    MEN   AT   LOTTISBTJKG.  V 

Quotas  of  men  &  vessels  to  accompany  or  follow  the  Forces 
of  this  Province. 

In  the  name  &  by  order  of  the  Committee. 

Wm.  Pepperell. 

In  Council,  Jan.  25,  1745 — Read  &  Sent  down. 
In  the  House  of  Represent8,  Jan,  25,  1745 — Read  &  Ac 
cepted.     Sent  up  for  concurrence. 

T.  Gushing,  Speak1'. 
In  Council,  Jan.  25,  1745 — Read  &  concurred. 

J.  Williard,  8ecy. 
Consented  to 

W.  Shirley. 
Copy  examin'1  pr.  J.  Williard  Secy. 

Saturday,  Feby  ye  2d  1745.  Met  according  to  adjourn 
ment  &  the  Comte  of  both  Houses  on  the  subject  of  Govr 
Shirleys  letter  &  some  other  papers  laid  before  the  House 
yesterday  by  his  Excy  having  made  their  Report,  it  was 
brought  into  the  House  by  Mr.  Downing  &  Mr.  Solly  &  read 
as  follows : 

Province  of  New  Hamp1'. 

The  Committee  of  both  Houses  on  the  subject  of  his 
Excellency  Governor  Shirleys  letter  and  some  other  papers 
laid  before  the  Assembly  this  day  by  his  Excellency  : 

The  Committee  are  of  opinion  that  it  is  incumbent  upon 
this  Province  to  do  all  they  can  to  forward  &  encourage 
the  intended  Expedition  for  the  Reduction  of  Louisburg  or 
Cape  Breton,  and  humbly  propose  that  (if  proper  methods 
may  be  concluded  on  for  defraying  the  charge  which  the 
Committee  are  of  opinion  will  be  about  four  thousand 
pounds  lawfull  money)  his  Excellency  the  Captain  General 
be  desired  to  give  forth  his  Proclamation  to  encourage  the 
enlisting  of  two  hundred  &  fifty  volunteers  under  such 
proper  officers  as  he  shall  appoint ;  that  each  person  so  en 
listing  be  allowed  Twenty-five  shillings  pr  month  &  that 
be  delivered  to  each  man  a  blanket, that  one  months  pay  be 
advanced  and  that  they  be  entitled  to  all  the  plunder  ;  That 


10  NEW    HAMPSHIRE    MEN    AT    LOTJ1SUURG. 

provision  be  made  for  the  furnishing  of  necessary  warlike 
stores  for  the  Expedition,  that  four  months  provision  be 
laid  in,  that  a  Comittee  be  appointed  to  procure  &  fit  ves- 
sells  to  serve  as  transports  to  be  ready  to  depart  by  the 
beginning  of  March. 

Feby  1,  1745—      Theodore  Atkinson     Peter  Gil  in  an 
Sam1  Smith  Thos  Millet 

John  Downing  Hen.  Sherburne 

Sam1  Solly.  Moses  Leavit. 

Voted,  That  afores'1  Report  of  Comtee  be  accepted  &  sent 
up  for  concurrance. 

Cape  Breton  Expedition — Plan  of  Operations*. 

MEM°.  In  order  for  the  attacking  of  Louisbourg  this 
Spring  by  surprise  its  proposed  that  3000  Troops  should 
Embark  from  hence  in  Sloops  &  Schooners  and  proceed  for 
Canso,  well  armed  which  should  be  a  place  of  Rendezvous 
it  being  within  20  Leagues  of  Louisbourg;  and  its  being 
uncertain  that  so  many  vessels  should  be  able  to  keep  Com 
pany  together  when  they  are  arrived  at  said  Port,  to  take  a 
favourable  opportunity  to  sail  from  thence  in  order  to  be  at 
Gaberous  point  by  Dusk,  from  whence  it  is  but  3  Leagues 
from  Louisbourg,  then  to  push  into  the  Bay,  and  as  soon  as 
said  vessels  are  at  an  anchor  to  man  as  many  whaleboats  as 
they  have  &  send  them  along  the  shore  as  neare  as  possible, 
which  will  make  it  the  more  difficult  for  them  to  be  discov 
ered,  &  when  they  come  to  the  cove  which  faces  the  low 
part  of  the  wall,  there  to  land  if  the  Sea  will  permit  &  scale 
that  place  if  possible,  &  if  otherwise  as  the  Wall  breaks  off 
a  little  on  the  other  side  of  the  East  gate,  not  far  from  that 
there  are  picketts  put  for  a  considerable  distance  across  a 
pond  over  to  the  Wall  on  the  Beach  on  the  other  side  of 
the  Pond,  and  as  this  Pond  is  frozen  all  the  month  of  March 
its  not  very  difficult  to  get  over  them  :  but  if  the  weather 

*This  paper  was  laid  before  the  House,  with  the  letter  from  Governor  Shirley. 


,\Jr 


>        s 
.  >  3 

l>     '  ?-l 


i»l 

I 


INDEX 

TO  MAP  OF  THE    SIEGE  OF  LOUISBOURG,  1745. 


.4   Landing  of  New  England  Men. 
H  Camp  of  Burr's  Regiment. 
C       "       "•   Pepperrell's  "" 
1)       -       "   Willard's 
K      "•       •"•  Moulton's 
F       fc-       •*  Moore's 
G-   First  or  Green  Hill  Battery. 
H  Second  Battery. 
/  Third  Battery. 
J  Fourth,  or  Advanced  Battery. 
K  Fifth,  or  Titcomb's  Battery. 
L   Lighthouse  Battery. 
M  Island  Battery  (French). 
N  Grand,  or  Royal  Battery  (French). 
0  Burying-ground. 
P   King's  Bastion,  or  Citadel. 
Q  Barachois. 
R  West  Gate. 
>Sy  South  Gate. 
T  Maurepas  Gate. 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE   MEN    AT    LOUIS  BURG.  11 

will  not  permit  their  landing  in  the  above  place  let  them 
proceed  along  the  shore  till  they  come  to  a  long  Range  of 
Rocks  that  goes  towards  the  Island,  at  the  End  of  which  is 
a  Passage  where  the  shallops  go  through,  let  them  go  in 
there  and  follow  the  Ledge  of  Rocks  right  back  again,  then 
they  will  land  right  against  the  East  gate  on  a  point,  and 
as  there  are  some  Houses  there,  it  will  hinder  their  being 
seen,  but  one  Boat  ought  to  go  first  &  surprise  the  People 
in  those  Houses  a  little  time  before  the  others  come  up,  Each 
whale  boat  must  have  two  ladders  in  them  fifteen  foot  long 
which  may  be  put  in  the  middle  of  the  Boat  without  hin 
drance  to  the  men  ;  but  the  Boatmen  must  lay  still  at  this 
Point  till  they  think  the  main  body  is  got  near  the  Town, 
&  that  a  party  of  as  many  men  as  shall  be  judg'd  proper 
shall  be  ready  to  attack  the  Grand  Battery,  its  necessary  it 
should  be  low  water  if  no  Drift  Ice  aground  along  the  shore, 
for  the  remainder  of  the  men  to  go  round  the  Picketts  that 
are  by  the  north  gate,  and  when  they  get  round  with  Lad 
ders  of  15  feet  long,  they  can  scale  the  Wall  facing  the 
Harbour  which  is  a  Quarter  of  a  mile  round,  and  it  will  be 
absolutely  necessary  to  appoint  a  Time  to  strike  the  blow 
all  at  once,  which  can  be  done  by  agreeing  upon  a  certain 
hour  just  before  Day,  which  is  the  Sleepiest  Time,  and  the 
Commanding  officer  of  each  Detachment  to  know  the  time, 
and  when  the  Time  comes  by  his  Watch  to  begin  without 
further  ceremony  ;  The  Enemy  finding  themselves  attacked 
at  so  many  different  places  at  once  its  probable  it  will  breed 
such  confusion  among  them  that  our  men  will  have  time  to 
get  in  unmolested  ;  &  it  is  to  be  observ'd  that  as  the  men 
march  from  the  above  point  the  low  wall  is  on  the  left  hand 
of  the  gate,  and  the  Picketts  on  the  right  hand;  as  all  the 
enemy's  troops  are  in  the  citadel  except  a  small  guard  or 
two  it  will  be  a  considerable  time  before  the  men  are  drest 
&  got  ready  to  march  out,  and  even  then  it  is  quite  in  the 
other  End  of  the  town. 

This  is  what  probably  may  succeed,  but  least  any  accident 


12  NEW    HAMPSHIRE   MEN    AT    LOUISBUKG. 

should  happen  to  prevent  it,  it  will  be  necessary  to  provide 
accordingly  &  in  case  our  People  should  be  disco ver'd  & 
Repuls'd  the  above  number  of  men  being  sufficient  to  com 
mand  the  field,  it  will  be  necessary  in  order  to  reduce  the 
place  to  have  what  shipping  can  possibly  be  got  to  cruise 
off  the  Harbour's  Mouth  in  order  to  intercept  their  Provi 
sion  vessels  which  they  Expect  early  being  at  this  time  very 
short  of  Provisions,  as  likewise  to  take  any  transports  with 
men  if  any  should  come,  and  that  our  men  may  not  be  dis- 
courag'd  at  being  repuls'd  once,  it  will  be  necessary  to  send 
12  nine  pounders  &  two  small  mortars  with  shells,  &c.  and 
a  Quantity  of  Provisions,  so  to  bombard  them  &  endeavor 
to  make  Breaches  in  their  Walls  &  then  storm  them  :  and 
should  the  shipping  be  so  lucky  as  to  take  their  Provisions 
and  the  land  forces  take  all  their  cattle  &  keep  them  con 
stantly  employed,  it  will  be  impossible  for  them  to  hold  the 
place  till  the  last  of  July  for  want  of  provisions. 

In  order  the  better  to  secure  the  Retreat  in  case  a  supe- 
riour  naval  F\>rce  to  ours  should  come  from  France  &  drive 
ours  off  the  Coast,  it  will  be  necessary  to  have  two  small 
vessels  with  about  Two  hundred  men  at  Canso,  &  the  day 
after  the  Fleet  is  sail'd  for  Louisbourg  for  them  to  sail  so 
as  to  get  in  by  night,  and  it  being  but  six  Leagues  from 
Canso  to  St.  Peters  they  can  get  there  before  day  &  sur 
prise  that  place,  which  is  an  exceeding  good  harbour  for 
small  vessels,  but  has  not  Water  sufficient  for  vessels  of 
that  size  which  will  be  able  to  drive  ours  off  the  Coast,  so 
that  the  vessels  for  the  Retreat  will  lay  there  safe,  and  the 
Troops  be  able  to  go  to  them  by  Land  ;  there  will  be  an 
advantage  besides  this  in  surprising  this  place  as  there  is 
always  a  number  of  Indians  with  their  Families  which  keep 
with  a  French  Priest  at  a  small  Distance  from  the  French 
Inhabitants,  and  the  Booty  taken  there  will  pay  the  Expence 
&  more  in  taking  it.  It  is  to  be  observed  that  during  the 
time  our  Troops  lay  siege  to  the  Town,  it  will  be  in  their 
power  to  send  parties  and  Destroy  all  their  Fishery  on  the 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE    MEN    AT    LOUIS  BIT  KG.  13 

Island  as  well  as  the  north  side  of  the  Harbour  which  would 
ruin  their  Fishery  for  four  or  five  years  ;  and  as  it  is  impos 
sible  to  fail  of  taking  the  Royal  Battery  at  least,  that  would 
in  a  great  measure  lay  open  their  Harbour  exposed  unto  an 
attack  by  Sea  from  England,  as  the  new  Batterys  in  the 
Town  in  the  greatest  part  of  the  Ambrozers,  there  are  no 
guns  &  there  are  two  gates  that  are  made  in  Diamond  fash 
ion  facing  the  Harbour  that  can  be  beat  down  in  an  instant 
the  peices  not  being  but  2  inches  &  an  half  thick. 

N.  B.  The  full  complement  of  Troops  is  700  out  of 
which  deductions  must  be  made  of  50  for  each  of  the  two 
Batteries,  viz.  the  Royal  &  Island  Batteries,  &  50  for  Death, 
sickness  &c.  which  reduce  them  to  550,  and  the  other  fight 
ing  men  in  the  Town  do  not  exceed  300,  and  that  the  Swiss 
Troops  which  are  their  best  Troops  are  exceeding  Discon 
tented  &  mutinous;  also  that  at  St.  Peters  there  may  be 
about  200  men  in  scattered  houses,  and  in  the  suburbs  of  the 
Town  of  Louisbourg  without  the  Walls  about  200.  it  is 
improbable  that  more  than  two  30  or  40  Gun  ships  should 
come  with  Mr.  Duviver  who  may  be  expected  the  first  with 
Recruits  &  supplies,  and  in  case  the  naval  Force  that  comes 
should  be  superiour  to  our  naval  Force,  that  our  3000  men 
would  command  the  Field,  &  continue  so  till  they  could  be 
protected  &  Reinforc'd  from  England. 

Indorsed,  "Cape  Britton 

Exped11— Plan  of  operation,  Feby  1,  1745— 

His  Excy  sent  down  ye  following  written  Message  by 
Coll.  Downing  &  Mr.  Solly : 

Gentlemen  of  the  Assembly, 

In  consequence  of  your  message  of  the  2'1  lust.  I  expressed 
a  messenger  to  Boston  in  order  to  get  the  Proclamations 
necessary  to  be  Dispersed  throughout  the  Province  for 
encouraging  the  Expedition  to  Louisburgh  printed,  which 
I  have  this  moment  received,  &  as  soon  as  the  sheriff 
attends  on  me  shall  order  them  to  be  dispersed. 

B.  WENTWORTH. 

Council  Chamber,  In  Portsm0  Feby  5th  1745. 


14  NEW    HAMPSHIRE    MEN    AT    LOUHSBUKG. 

Message  of  His  Excellency. 

Gentlemen  of  the  Assembly, 

By  your  message  of  this  day,  I  find  the  disposition  of 
the  House  is  to  augment  the  forces  to  Louisburgh  to  four 
or  five  hundred  men,  sailors  included,  which  is  very  pleas 
ing  to  me;  and  if  the  House  will  send  up  a  Resolve  on 
that  subject  &  in  what  manner  they  propose  to  pay  the 
Expence,  it  will  facilitate  the  other  bill  that  now  lays 
before  me,  which  at  present  appears  very  difficult ; — but 
by  no  means  put  off  the  augmentation  or  the  charge  to  a 
further  day. 

Council  Chamber  in  B.  WENT  WORTH. 

Portsm0  Feby  12,  1745— 

February  14,  1745,  Mr.  Secretary  came  down  with  the 
following  Message  from  his  Excy:  His  Excy  recomends  it 
to  the  House  to  pass  a  vote  that  the  officers  &  soldiers  in 
ys  Province  for  the  Expedition  agst  Louisburg  have  ye 
same  pay  as  in  the  Massachusetts,  wch  he  apprehends 
would  be  for  the  encouraging  the  affairs  going  on. 

Voted  That  the  Collonel,  Lt.  Collonel  &  Major,  Captains 
&  all  under  officers  that  are  or  shall  be  appointed  to  com 
mand  the  voluntiers  voted  by  the  Gen1  Assembly  to  go  on 
the  Expedition  agst  Louisburg  have  the  same  allowances 
made  them  pr  month  as  are  allowed  by  the  Government  of 
the  Mass:  Bay  on  ye  sd  Expedition,  provided  each  Com 
pany  consists  of  forty  men  or  upwards,  &  that  the  Captains 
have  the  same  allowance  for  enlisting  men  in  proportion  to 
the  number  of  men  in  each  Company  &  that  no  Capt.  be 
entitled  to  the  bounty  lor  enlisting  men  untill  his  Com 
pany  be  compleated; 

Voted,  That  the  same  encouragement  be  given  to  private 
Centinalls  &  sailors  that  will  enlist  as  voluntiers  on  ye 
Exped"  agst  Louisburgh  as  is  given  in  ye  Prov.  of  Mass" 
Bay, 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE    MEN    AT    LOrFSBURO.  15 

Establishment  of  the  officers'  Pay  in    Massachusetts  on  the 
Expedition  against  Louisbourgh,  1745. 

Generall  pr  month    .         .         .         .         .  <£15  : 

Collonell  ....                  ...  12 

Lt.  Coll     .                                     ....  10 

Major        ........  8 

Adjutant 4  :  10 

Capt 4  :  10 

Lieut         .........  3 

2<l  Lieut    .                            2 

Sergent     .         .         .         .         .          .         .          .  1:10 

Corporal    ........  1:8 

Clerk 4 

Surgeon  Gen11  .......  5 

Under  Surgeon          .          .          .          .          .         .  4  :  10 

Drum  Major      .          .          .          .         .          .          .  1  :   12 

Comon  Drum1'  .......  1 

Chaplain 4  :  10 

Capt  of  ye  Artillery 9 

Lieut         .                   4  :  10 

Qr.  Gunner       .......  2 

2  Bombarders    .......  4 

Do  Assistance  .          .         .         .          .          .          .  1:12 

Armorer    .         .         .         .         .         .          .         .  1:12 

Incouragement  for  the  men  that  Inlist,  viz. 

To  each  man  besides  what  is  mentioned  in  the 

Proclamation  by  way  of  Bounty,  old  Tenor,  X4  : 

To  Billiting  money  from  the  Time  of  Inlisting 

pr.  week  to  pay  from  the  time  of  Inlisting  1  : 

To  each  Capt.  over  &  above  his  pay  for  his 
Expences  in  Visiting  his  Company,  old 

Ten1  ...  25  : 

Further  to  Incourage  men   to  Inlist  it  is  proposed  that 

the  Widows  or  nearest   relatives   of   any  offcer  or  soldier 


16  NEW    HAMPSHIRE    MEN    AT    LOUISBURG-. 

that  is  slain  or  shall  otherwise  loose  his  life  in  the  service, 
shall  be  entitled  to  four  months  pay. 

And  that  the  wives  of  any  officer  or  soldier  in  the  Expe 
dition  or  any  other  person  that  appears  with  a  power  of 
Attorney  duly  authenticated,  shall  at  the  end  of  every 
month  receive  out  of  the  Treasury  half  or  all  the  wages  of 
such  officer  or  soldier  as  he  appears  for  which  will  greatly 
encourage  the  present  Expedition. 

Boston  Feby  26,  1745. 
Sir— 

I  am  extremely  glad  to  hear  of  your  good  prospect  of 
completing  your  Regiment  in  time:  All  things  will  be 
ready  here  for  the  Imbarcation  of  our  fleet  by  the  end  of 
the  week  as  the  committee  informs  me,  so  I  should  be  glad 
of  your  being  ready  with  yours  as  soon  as  may  be;  what 
ever  you  want  for  the  150  men  to  go  wth  my  commissions 
&  in  the  pay  of  this  government,  be  pleased  to  send  to  me 
for  it  by  Express  and  you  shall  have  it  instantly. 

I  think  the  essential  thing  is  the  number  of  men  in  the 
whole ;  and  \?t  it  is  not  absolutely  necessary  y*  there  should 
be  exactly  50  men  in  each  company,  if  there  are  40  in  one 
and  60  in  another,  all  the  things  may  be  set  right  by  pro 
portioning  the  service  in  the  field  ;  and  indeed  if  a  com 
pany  does  not  consist  of  less  y"  40  men  I  think  we  ought 
not  to  be  critical. 

I  am  wth  much  &  respect 

yr  Excelencys  most 

Obedient  humble  servant 

W.  SHIRLEY. 
His  Excv.  Gov1  Wentworth. 

Boston,  March  27,  1745. 
Sir— 

I  should  have  mentioned  yl  this  morning  Donahoe  sail'd 
with  another  sloop  under  his  convoy  having  on  board  a 
company  of  50  men  to  reconnoitre  the  Coast.  &c.  and  to 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE   MEN   AT    LOUISBl'RG.  17 

clear  it  agst  the  arrival  of  the  Fleet,  and  if  it  should  hap 
pen  yr  your  Transports  should  get  the  start  of  ours,  I  am 
advis'd  y*  it  would  be  safest  for  'em  to  stop  at  Whitehead 
Harbour  ab*  5  or  6  Leagues  short  of  Canso,  till  the  arrival 
of  ours  yt  there  may  be  as  little  danger  as  is  possible  of 
occasioning  intelligence  being  convey'd  to  the  Enemy  by 
any  little  vessell  to  the  Eastward  of  Canso,  w('h  may  dis 
cover  'em  ;  and  if  you  approve  of  it  I  shall  be  glad  if  you 
order  it  accordingly.  I  am  inform'd  yl  Mr.  Sparhawk  has 
got  some  very  good  cutlasses  and  some  firelocks  w('h  it  is 
doubted  are  not  extraordinary :  If  you  will  be  pleas'd  to 
take  the  trouble  of  appointing  some  skillfull  person  to 
view  both  of  'em,  and  in  case  they  or  either  of  'em  are 
approv'd  of,  desire  him  to  put  such  as  are  approv'd  on 
board  one  of  your  Transports  for  the  use  of  our  Troops  as 
spare  arms,  I  shall  be  oblig'd  to  you,  and  our  Committee 
will  pay  him  for  'em.  But  if  they  are  not  good  I  would  not 
have  "em.  We  forgot  to  put  up  among  the  Stores  for  our 
150  men  in  your  Regiment  Gunpowder  and  Ball :  If  you 
will  be  pleas'd  to  supply  'em  with  three  half  barrels  of 
powder  and  a  like  proportion  of  Ball  for  their  passage,  I 
shall  be  oblig'd  to  you,  and  will  repay  you  by  the  first 
opportunity  :  The  Blankets  and  money  not  used  be  pleas'd 
to  return  by  a  convenient  opportunity.  I  must  beg  the 
favour  of  you  to  indulge  Mr.  Bollan  in  his  InclosM  request, 
if  no  inconvenience  will  attend  it.  I  have  so  much  fatigue 
yf  I  \yth  great  difficulty  hold  out,  but  not  without  having 
impair'd  my  health. 

God  send  us  both  a  good  riddance  of  our  Trouble  and 
an  happy  Event  to  the  Expedition. 
I  am  sincerely, 

Your  Excys  faithfull,  humble  servant 

W.  SHIRLEY. 
To  his  Excy  Gov.  Wentworth. 


18  NEW    H  AM  PS  H  IKK    MEN    AT    LOU  IS  BURG. 

Boston  May-13-1745 
Sir 

As  to  the  agreement  your  Excellency  mentions  to  be 
made  between  you  and  me,  that  the  Companies  to  be 
rais'd  in  your  Government  should  consist  of  40  men  each, 
and  that  three  companys  of  50  men  each  should  at  all 
Events  be  rais'd  by  you  to  be  in  the  pay  of  this  Govern 
ment  &  added  to  your  companies,  I  am  apt  to  think  may 
be  a  mistake. 

It  is  certain  that  I  always  intended  and  understood  the 
agreement  to  be  that  you  should  if  you  pleas'd  raise  as 
many  men  to  be  in  the  pay  of  this  Province  as  would  make 
up  your  350  a  Regiment  of  500  men. 

I  can't  pretend  to  recollect  every  expression  which  may 
have  dropped  from  my  pen  on  this  affair  between  us;  But 
I  am  satisfied  the  agreement  you  mention  is  so  foreign  to 
my  intention  that  upon  perusing  my  letters  again  and  com 
paring  'em  with  your  own  you  will  find  the  real  agreement 
to  be,  that  all  the  men  not  exceeding  150  to  be  raised  by 
you  over  and  above  the  Quota  of  350  Voted  by  your 
Assembly,  should  be  paid  and  subsisted  by  this  Govern 
ment.  The  reason  of  my  mentioning  to  you  the  vote  of 
the  Assembly  of  this  Province  for  reducing  our  Companies 
from  50  men  in  each  to  40,  was  to  remove  the  difficulty  of 
their  first  vote  which  I  was  afraid  might  ly  in  your  way  as 
it  did  in  mine  here,  by  which  no  Captain  that  had  not 
raised  50  men  was  entituled  to  have  his  Company  received 
into  pay  ;  whereas  by  the  second  vote  fourty  men  was  to 
be  received  as  a  Company,  which  1  found  an  ease  to  me  in 
raiseing  my  own  Levies,  but  whatever  I  have  said  in  that 
respect  was  not  designed  in  the  least  as  a  proposal  or 
agreement  that  your  Companys  should  be  only  eight  in 
number  and  consist  of  no  more  than  40  men  Each,  and 
that  at  all  events  this  Province  was  to  pay  &  subsist  150 
men  of  New  Hampshire  Regiment.  But  upon  the  whole  I 
ever  understood  that  this  Government  was  to  pay  and  sub- 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE    MEN    AT    LOUISBURG.  19 

sist  as   many  men    not  exceeding  150   as  you   should  raise 
within  your  Province  over  and  above  your  own   Govern 
ments  Quota  of  350  &  no  more. 
I  am  with  great  respect 

Sir — your  Excellencys  most  obedient 

humble  servant 

VV.  SHIRLEY. 
His  Excy  Gov1  Wentworth. 

The  New  Hampshire  Adjutant-General's  Report,  Vol.  2, 
1866,  contains  the  rolls  of  the  seven  companies  in  Colonel 
Moore's  regiment,  over  his  own  signature,  dated  at  Louis- 
burg,  November  20,  1745.  The  adjutant-general  quotes 
Dr.  Belknap,  as  follows: 

"Thus,  Dr.  Belknap  states  that  Col.  Moore's  regiment 
consisted  of  eight  companies,  when  the  return  of  his  regi 
ment,  over  his  own  signature,  shows  but  seven  companies." 

We  think  the  following  letter  of  Governor  Wentworth 
will  show  the  eighth  company,  as  it  was  one  of  the  com 
panies  not  returned  by  Colonel  Moore. 


Letter  from  His  Excellency  Benning  Wentworth^  fist/.,  Gov 
ernor  of  Neiv  Hampshire,  to  Lt.  General  Pepperell. 

March  23'1  1745. 
SR. 

I  herewith  transmitt  to  you  a  List  of  the  Transports 
employ'd  by  this  Government  for  the  service  of  the  Expe 
dition  against  the  French  at  Louisburg,  also  what  Trans 
ports  are  employ'd  to  transport  the  one  hundred  &  fifty 
men,  in  the  pay  of  the  Massachusetts  Government,  which 
are  aggregated  to  the  Regiment,  whereof  I  have  appointed 
Sam1  Moore,  Esq.  Colonel.  Also  I  think  proper  to  acquaint 
you  that  I  have  appointed  Capt.  Fernald  Commander  of  a 
Sloop  fitted  out  by  this  Government,  in  a  warlike  manner, 
to  annoy  his  Majesty's  Enemies,  and  to  guard  and  convoy 


20  XEW    HAMPSHIRE   MEN    AT    LOUISBURG. 

the  Transports.  I  have  also  appointed  the  said  Jn°  Fer- 
nald  a  Capt  of  a  Company  in  Col.  Moore's  Regiment  to  act 
either  by  Land  or  by  sea,  as  the  service  may  require  it. 
I  have  thought  it  necessary,  in  order  to  preserve  the  Com 
mand  you  are  appointed  to,  that  you  have  the  intire  com 
mand  and  disposition  of  the  Regiment  and  Transports,  also 
of  the  Sloop  of  War,  And  I  do  hereby  put  the  same  abso 
lutely  under  your  command,  hereby  requiring  them  to 
obey  you,  as  their  Commander-in-Chief,  and  to  follow  such 
orders  and  commands  as  from  time  to  time  they  or  either 
of  them  shall  receive  from  you. 

Sr — y1  Hum  :  ser\?t 

B.  WENTWORTH. 

Lieutenant-general  William  Pepperell,  of  Kittery,  Me., 
was  commander-in-chief  of  the  land  forces,  sailors,  and 
marines  on  board  the  transports  and  the  armed  vessels  that 
convoyed  the  troops  to  Louisburg — the  total  number  of 
men,  probably  4,000,  and  all  furnished  by  the  provinces  of 
New  Hampshire,  Massachusetts,  Connecticut,  and  Rhode 
Island.* 

Governor  Wentworth's  proclamation  for  enlisting  sol 
diers  and  sailors  for  the  Louisburg  expedition  not  on 
record,  or  copy  known  to  be  in  existence. 


Off  for  Louisburg . 

After  two  months'  discussion  of  measures  by  the  Assem 
bly  and  Council,  then  in  session  at  Portsmouth,  to  raise 
men  and  money  to  defray  expenses,  the  expedition  was 
ready,  and  sailed  from  Portsmouth  March  23(l  O.  S.,  or 
April  4th  N.  S.,  1745 — several  days  before  the  Massachu 
setts  troops  left  Boston.  The  New  Hampshire  regiment 
was  500  strong,  under  the  command  of  Col.  Samuel  Moore^ 
of  Portsmouth  ;  eight  companies,  and  probably  three  com- 

*Did  not  arrive  at  Louisburg  until  after  the  fort  was  captured. 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE   MEN   AT   LOUISBUltG.  21 

panics  (150  men)  of  New  Hampshire  in  the  pay  of  Massa 
chusetts,  in  Colonel  Moore's  regiment.  On  this  point 
there  has  been  a  wide  diversity  of  opinion,  as  there  is  not, 
as  far  as  is  now  known,  a  single  muster  or  pay-roll  in 
existence.  It  was  customary  at  that  time  in  the  English 
service  for  the  field  officers  to  have  command  of  companies 
as  colonel  and  captain  at  the  same  time.  In  order  to  sub 
stantiate  my  view  that  there  were  eleven  companies  in 
Colonel  Moore's  regiment,  of  45  men  to  each  company,  the 
names  of  all  the  commissioned  officers,  date  of  commission, 
and  date  of  discharge,  are  given,  all  the  others  being 
recruits,  after  the  capture  of  Louisburg,  June  17,  1745. 


Names. 

Rank.                     Date  of 

Commission. 

Moore,  Samuel, 

Colonel.         Feb.      12,  1745. 

Meserve,  Nathaniel,  2d, 

Colonel.         Feb.      13,  1745. 

Gilman,  Ezekiel, 

Major.            Feb.      13,  1745. 

*Mason,  John  T., 

Captain.        Feb.      13,  1745. 

Seaward,  William, 

Captain.         Feb.      13,  1745. 

tFernald,  John, 

Captain.        Feb.      13,  1745. 

Sherburne,  Henry, 

Captain.        Feb.      13,  1745. 

Ladd,  Daniel, 

Captain.        Feb.      13,  1745. 

JHale,  Samuel, 

Captain.        Feb.      13,  1745. 

Whidden,  James, 

Captain.        Feb.      13,  1745. 

Waldron,  Thomas  W., 

Captain.         Feb.      13,  1745. 

Dudley,  Trueworthy, 

Captain.         Feb.      13,  1745. 

Tilton,  Jacob, 

Captain.        March    1,  1745. 

Williams,  Edward, 

Captain.         March    2,  1745. 

§Wise,  John, 

Captain.         April    15,  1745. 

Sherburne,  Joseph, 

Captain.         June       6,  1745. 

Lieutenants. 

Names. 

Rank.                     Date  of 

Commission. 

Hart,  John, 

Lieutenant.  Feb.      13,  1745. 

Leavett,  Samuel, 

Lieutenant.  Feb.      13,  1745. 

White,  Samuel, 

Lieutenant.  Feb.      13,  1745. 

HFlagg,  John, 

Lieutenant.  Feb.      13,  1745. 

Date  of 
Discharge. 


15,  1746. 
11,  1745. 
11,  1745. 
31,  1745. 

10,  1745. 

11,  1745. 
June    28,  1745. 
Sept.       4,  1745. 

15,  1746. 

10,  1745. 
6,  1745. 

21,  1745. 

11,  1745. 
6,  1746. 


Aug. 
Nov. 
Nov. 
July 
Nov. 
Nov. 


July 
Nov. 
Sept. 
July 
Nov. 
Feb. 


No  date. 
June    30,  1746. 


Date  of 
Discharge. 

July  31,  1745. 

Sept,  6,  1745. 

Oct.  9,  1745. 

Sept.  30,  1745. 


*  No  company;  independent  command. 

t  Captain  of  armed  sloop  Abigail. 

|  Promoted  to  major  Oct.  16,  1745. 

§  Captain  of  armed  sloop. 

||  Promoted  to  captain.    No  date. 


22 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE   MEN    AT    LOU I.S BURG. 


Daniels,  Eliphalet, 

Lieutenant.  Feb.      13,  1745. 

Foss,  Zachariah, 

Lieutenant.  Feb.      13,  1745. 

Wheelwright,  Jeremiah 

i,  Lieutenant.  Feb.      13,  1745. 

Dudley,  James, 

Lieutenant.  Feb.      13,  1745. 

Wingate,  Moses, 

Lieutenant,  Feb.      13,  1745. 

Mat-toon,  Richard, 

Lieutenant.  Feb.      13,  1745. 

Robie,  Samuel, 

Lieutenant.  Feb.      13,  1745. 

Connor,  Samuel, 

Lieutenant.  Feb.      13,  1745. 

Ensigns. 

Names. 

Rank.                     Date  of 

Commission. 

*Newmarch,  Thomas, 

Ensign.           Feb.      13,  1745. 

t  Brown,  Edmund, 

Ensign.           Feb.      13,  1745. 

Tufts,  Thomas, 

Ensign.           Feb.      13,  1745. 

Wormall,  Daniel, 

Ensign.           Feb.      13,  1745. 

JPitman,  Ezekiel,  Jr., 

Ensign.          Feb.      13,  1745. 

Huntress,  Christopher, 

Ensign.          Feb.      13,  1745. 

Brooks,  Edward, 

Ensign.           Feb.      13,  1745. 

Pickerin,  Thomas, 

Ensign.           Feb.      13,  1745. 

Sleeper,  Joseph, 

Ensign.           Feb.      13,  1745. 

Ham,  Clement, 

Ensign.           Feb.      13,  1745. 

Perkins,  Robert, 

Ensign.          Feb.      13,  1745. 

July 
Nov. 
Sept. 
Aug. 


31,  1745. 

14,  1745. 

22,  1745. 

7,  1745. 


Sept.    30,  1745. 
Nov.     11,  1745. 

30,  1745. 

31,  1745. 


Sept. 
July 


Date  of 
Discharge. 

June    20,  1746. 


July 

Sept. 
Nov. 
Nov. 
July 
July 
Aug. 
Sept. 
Sept. 
July 


1,  1746. 

6,  1745. 
11,  1745. 
10,  1745. 
31,  1745. 
31,  1745. 

7,  1745. 
22,  1745. 

30,  1745. 

31,  1745. 


The  above-named  officers  were  commissioned  by  Ben- 
n ing  Wentworth,  the  governor  of  the  province  of  New 
Hampshire. 

Lieutenant-general  Pepperell,  at  Canso,  April  15,  com 
missioned  Abraham  Trefethen,  captain;  Jonathan  Oilman, 
lieutenant;  Philip  Yeaton,  ensign. 

Recruits. 

Friday-June-8-1745. 

The  House  met  according  to  adjournment. 

Voted,  That  Eleaz1  Russel  Esq.  Mr.  Henry  Sherburne 
Jan.  &  Thos  Bell  Esq.  be  a  Comtee  of  this  House  to  join 
with  such  as  may  be  appointed  by  ye  Honhle  Council  to 
consider  of  ye  subject  matter  of  his  Excely  Govr  Shirly  & 
Lieut.  Gen1  Pepperells  Letters  relating  to  a  Reinforcement 

*  Promoted  to  lieutenant  Oct.  5. 
t  Promoted  to  lieutenant  Oct.  1. 
|  Promoted  to  lieutenant  June  20. 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE    MEN    AT    LOUISBUKG.  23 

of  our  army  at  Louisburg  &  to  consider  what  is  proper  for 
this  Province  to  do  &  to  make  Report  to  the  Gen1  Court  as 
soon  as  may  be. 

The  Comtee  for  considering  the  subject  matter  of  his 
Excy  Gov1'  Shirlys  &  Lieut  Gen1  Pepperrells  Letters  relat 
ing  a  Reinforcement  of  the  Army  before  Louisburgh, 
report  as  follows : 

The  Comtee  are  humbly  of  opinion  that  (when  proper 
methods  may  be  agreed  upon  by  the  Gen1  Assembty  for 
defraying  the  charge)  his  Excy  the  Capt.  Gen1  be  desired 
to  issue  forth  his  Proclamation  for  the  Encouraging  the 
enlisting  of  one  hundred  voluntiers  under  such  proper 
officers  as  he  may  think  proper  to  be  employ'd  in  the 
Expedition  against  Louisburgh  giving  them  the  same 
Encouragement  as  was  given  to  ye  last  voluntiers  inlisted 
for  said  Expedition. 

Prov.  of     )  In  ye  House  of  Represent  June  )  Jotham  Odiorn    ] 
N.  Hampr  j"  10th  1745,  Read  and  accepted  &  >  R.  Wibird 

sent  up  for  concurrence  )  Saml  Solly  !    Com- 

Eleazr  Russell      f  mittee 
Hen.  Slierburne 
Thos  Bell 

Wednesday  June  12th  1745. 

The  House  met  according  to  adjournment. 

Mr.  Secretary  Atkinson  came  into  the  House  &  inform 
them  that  ye  vote  on  Louisburgh  Expedition,  Comtees 
Report  for  one  Hund'1  men  were  concurr'd  &  assented  to 
by  the  Governor. 

Tuesday  July  2(1  1745. 

The  House  met  according  to  adjournment. 

Mr.  Secretary  bro't  into  ye  House  a  written  message 
from  his  Excellency  representing  the  Probability  of  20  men 
being  raised  more  than  are  voted  for  &  Desiring  to  know 
whether  ye  House  would  have  them  Embark'd  &c.  and 
then  the  House  adjourned  for  two  Hours. 


24  NEW    HAMPSHIRE   MEN    AT    LOUISBTJRG. 

His  Excellency' '«  Message. 

Gentlemen  of  the  Assembly 

It  is  very  probable  that  about  twenty  men  more  than 
what  are  voted  to  be  raised  for  the  reinforcement  of  our 
troops  now  before  Louisburgh,  may  appear,  in  which  case 
I  shall  be  glad  to  have  your  Resolve  whether  it  will  not  be 
expedient  to  Imbark  them,  as  it  will  greatly  relieve  the 
Forces  now  there  from  the  hard  duty  they  have  so  long 
undergone. 

I  shall  also  be  glad  to  have  your  mind  signified  whether 
it  be  your  Intent  to  have  the  Reinforcement  Imbarked  in 
case  news  should  arrive  before  Imbarkation  of  the  reduc 
tion  of  Louisburgh. 

B.  WENTWORTH. 
Council  Chamber  in 
Portsmouth,  July  2d.  1745. 

Saturday  July  6th  1745. 

Met  according  to  adjournment. 

In  answer  to  his  Excllys  message  by  Mr.  Secretary  to 
know  ye  opinion  of  ye  House  about  sending  the  Reinforce 
ment  for  the  army  at  Cape  Britton  &  whether  if  twenty 
men  more  than  ye  hundred  appear'd  the  House  were  will 
ing  they  should  be  sent, 

Voted,  That  the  Reinforcement  be  sent  away  with  all 
possible  Dispatch  &  that  if  twenty  men  more  or  any 
smaller  number  appeared  as  volnntiers  they  also  be  sent 
with  them  at  the  publick  expense. 

Statement  of  the  Condition  of  the  Men  at  Louisburc/,  1745. 

To  His  Excellency  the  Governor,  the  Honorable  the  Coun 
cil,  and  House  of  Representatives,  of  His  Majesties  Prov 
ince  of  New  Hampshire.— 
As  we  are  refer'd  to,  in  the  proceeding  Memorial,  to  give 

further  Information,  touching  the  State  of  our  Soldiers; 

and  authorized  thereby,  to  Sollicit  the   Honorable  Court  in 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE    MEN    AT    LOUISBURG.  25 

their  behalf;  we  humbly  crave   Leave,  to  offer  this,  as  a 
Supplement  thereto. — 

Besides  the  almost  Naked  Condition  of  those  of  our 
Troops,  who  went  first  to  Cape  Breton  ;  Some  of  them  are 
So  enfeebled,  by  reason  of  the  Length  and  Hardships  of 
the  Siege,  &  for  want  of  necessary  Comforts,  in  the  Time 
of  it,  as  renders  them  unfit  for  further  Service,  till  Re 
cruited  ;  others  are  Languishing  under  Sicknesses,  of 
Various  kinds,  and  most  of  them,  are  overrun  with  Lice, 
for  want  of  Change  of  Apparel,  which  renders  their  Case 
still  more  uncomfortable,  Whereupon,  we  humbly  recom 
mend,  those  Poor  but  brave  men,  to  your  Excellency's  & 
Honour's  wise,  Just,  and  Compassionate  Consideration, 
Earnestly  beseeching,  that  Such  of  them  as  desire  it,  may 
be  immediatly  dismissal,  and  bro't  back  to  their  Native 
Country,  their  Families,  &  Friends ;  that  it  may  never  be 
Said,  they  bravely  fought  themselves  into  a  Prison  ;  for, 
what  Else  can  be  Said  of  it  If  they  are  Compell'd  to  tarry, 
after  the  Expedition  is  Ended,  as  we  apprehend  it  is,  and 
that  in  a  most  Compleat  and  effectual  Manner :  For  that, 
His  Excellencys  Proclamation  of  the  2  of  February  Last, 
proposed  an  Expedition,  for  the  Reduction  of  the  French 
Settlements,  on  the  Island  of  Cape  Breton,  &  not  for  the 
garrisoning  of  them  ;  and  the  Enlistment,  was  in  Conse 
quence  thereof,  (namely,)  for  Reducing,  &  not  for  garri 
soning,  and  we  humbly  appeal,  to  your  Excellenc}7's  & 
Honors  Judgment,  whether,  reducing  and  garrisoning,  be 
not  two  things,  quite  different,  and  Distinct  from  each 
other;  and  if  so,  whether  the  Troops  of  the  first  Embarka 
tion,  mayn't  demand  a  discharge,  as  a  Right  and  Justice 
due  to  them,  instead  of  Solliciting  for  it,  as  an  Act  of 
Grace.  But,  on  the  other  hand,  if  it  Should  be  Said,  that 
by  the  Expedition  was  meant  and  intended,  that  Louis- 
bourg  Should  be  garrison'd  (in  case  of  Success,)  by  those 
who  should  reduce  it ;  It  may  be  Answer'd,  that  Such  In 
tention,  cant  Rationally  be  Extended  further,  than  till 


26  NEW    HAMPSHIRE   MEN    AT   LOTJISBUBG. 

other  Troops,  might  be  rais'd  to  relieve  them  ;  and  more 
than  three  Months,  is  already  Pass'd,  Since  the  Surrender; 
a  Space  doubly  Sufficient  for  that  Purpose. — 

We  take  Leave  further  to  Propose,  that  in  Consideration, 
the  Plunder  (which  was  expected  would  be  great,)  turns 
out,  to  be  but  a  very  Triffle,  they  May  have  an  additional 
Grant  of  Bounty,  as  a  further  Reward,  of  their  Toil,  Haz 
ard,  and  Bravery,  as  the  Massachusetts  Troops  have  al 
ready  had. — 

As  to  those,  whose  Lot  may  be  to  tany  over  the  Winter, 
Whether  by  Choice,  or  Compulsion,  (if  any  Should  be 
Compell'd  so  to  Do,)  We  humbly  propose,  that  besides  an 
Augmentation  of  their  Wages,  and  a  Grant  of  Apparell, 
and  Bedding,  Suitable  for  the  Climate  and  Season  ;  they 
May  have  an  Augmentation  of  their  allowance  of  Rum  & 
Molasses,  to  half  a  Pint  of  Each,  for  Each  Man  ^  Day, 
and  a  Couple  of  Quarts  of  Small  Beer  also,  the  Waters 
there,  being  exceeding  bad,  and  very  unwholesome  to 
Drink  :  that  there  may  .be  a  Surplus  of  Stores,  of  all  kinds, 
to  be  Purchased  of  the  Commissary,  at  a  Stated  Price,  and 
that  there  may  be  a  Provision  of  Physic,  as  well  as  of  Food 
&  Cloathing;  and  that  Each  Cap*  may  have  a  Copy,  of  the 
Invoices  of  the  Stores  &  Cloaths  Sent  for  the  Soldiers,  with 
the  Prices  of  those  Commodities,  that  they  may  be  Sent 
for  Sale ;  that  the  Care,  the  Justice,  &  the  goodness  of  the 
Honorable  Court,  may  be  made  known  to  every  individual 
Man.— 

As  the  Season  of  the  year  is  far  advanced,  and  the  Sol 
diers  greatly  distressed ;  Some  For  Want  of  a  Discharge, 
and  other  for  want  of  Necessarys  and  Conveniences,  to 
make  their  Lives  Comfortable,  We  humbly  Pray,  that  what 
we  have  offered,  may  have  the  earliest  Consideration  & 
Dispatch,  that  is  Possible. 

And  your  Memorialists  as  in   Duty  bound    Shall    Ever 

Prav 

T.  W.  Waldron 

Portsmouth  Sep*  24  1745  Jonathan  Present 


NEW    HAMPSHILiE   MEN   AT    LOUISBURG.  27 

Miscellaneous. — Notes,  prior  to,  during,  and  after  the  Siege 
of  Louisburg. 

It  appears  from  Gov.  Wentworth's  proclamation,  or  en 
listment  papers  to  the  captains,  for  the  enlisting  of  sol 
diers,  and  sailors,  no  particular  time  was  inserted  for  their 
discharge,  after  the  surrender  of  the  fortress,  the  men  were 
clamorous  for  their  discharge,  and  not  being  complied  with, 
caused  considerable  trouble,  some  of  them  were  held  until 
the  arrival  of  troops  from  Great  Britain,  May  24,  1746, 
when  1500  were  released. 

The  Louisburg  expedition  cost  the  province  of  New 
Hampshire,  as  reported  by  a  committee  of  the  Assembly, 
June  3,  1747,  26,489  pounds,  16  shillings,  8£  pence,  Procla 
mation  money. 

Great  Britain  reimbursed  the  Province  of  New  Hamp 
shire,  16,355  pounds  sterling.  The  money  arrived  in 
Boston,  Sept.  18,  1749.  The  British  fleet,  commanded  by 
Commodore  Peter  Warren,  arrived  before  Louisburg  at  the 
commencement  of  hostilities,  with  the  following  vessels 
of  war  : 

Superb       ...  60  guns. 

Launceston         .         .  40  " 

Mermaid    .         .         .  40  u 

* — Vigilant    .         .         .  64  " 

May  22 — Princes  Mary    .         .  60  u 

u      " — Hector      .         .         .  40 

June  10 — Chester     .         .         .  50  " 

"     12— Canterbury       .         .  60  " 

fct       " — Sunderland       .         .  60  u 

"      "  — Lark         .         .         .  40 

u      "—Eltham     ...  40  " 

This  immense  fleet  of  vessels  of  war  took  no  active  part 
in  the  assaults  on  the  fortress,  with  the  exception  of  a  few 

*Captured  from  the  French,  and  manned  by  New  England  sailors. 


28  NEW    HAMPSHIRE    MEN    AT    LOU1SBUUG. 

gunners,  who  went  ashore  to  instruct  Pepperell's  men  in 
the  management  of  their  batteries. 

Capt.  Edward  Tyngwasin  command  of  the  Massachusetts 
Colonial  squadron  of  seven  vessels,  carrying  108  guns. 

Capt.  John  Fernald,  of  Portsmouth,  commanded  the  sloop 
Abigail,  of  14  guns,  that  convoyed  the  New  Hampshire 
troops. 

Two  sloops  from  Connecticut,  30  guns,  one  armed 
vessel  from  Rhode  Island,  20  guns,*  with  one  hundred 
and  fifty  soldiers. 

Belknap's  History  of  New  Hampshire. 

"  The  fortress  of  Louisburg  was  so  strong  as  to  called, 
The  Dunkirk  of  America  ;  and  had  been  twenty-five  years 
in  building,  and  cost  1,200,000  pounds  Sterling. 

"  This  expedition  originated  in  Massachusetts,  but  the 
colonies  of  New  Hampshire,  Rhode  Island,  and  Connecti 
cut  by  their  legislative  authority,  furnished  troops  and 
stores,  New  York  sent  a  supply  of  artillery,  Pennsylvania, 
and  New  Jersey,  provisions  and  clothing."  The  assault  on 
the  Island  battery,  defended  by  180  men,  and  30  cannon, 
was  disastrous  to  the  400  provincial  troops  who  made  the 
assault,  nearly  one  half  being  either  killed,  drowned,  or 
taken  prisoners. 

The  French  loss  during  the  entire  siege,  is  reported  to 
have  been  200  men. 

When  Duchambon,  the  Governor  of  Cape  Breton,  sur 
rendered  to  Generel  Pepperell,  there  was  turned  over  to 
him,  1,900  prisoners,  125  large  cannon,  19  mortars,  stores 
of  provisions,  enough  to  last  six  months. 

General  Amherst,  commanding  the  land  forces,  and  Ad 
miral  Boscawen,  of  the  British  navy,  captured  Louisburg, 
July  26,  1758,  and  completely  destroyed  the  splendid  for 
tress,  and  it  remains  so  to  this  date. 

No  enumeration  of  the  number  of  the  inhabitants  of  New 
Hampshire,  was  made  until  1767,  when  there  were  52,700. 

*Did  not  arrive  in  Louisburg  until  after  the  fortress  was  taken. 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE   MEN    AT   LOUISBURG.  29 

The  ratable  polls  returned  in  1742  as  5,172,  with  Not 
tingham,  Harrington,  and  Gosport,  missing.  Call  the 
number  of  ratable  polls  in  1745,  6,000,  and  multiply  by 
4.50,  would  give  the  number  of  inhabitants  in  New 
Hampshire  in  1745  as  27,000. 

France  declared  war  against  Great  Britain  March  15, 
1744,  N.  S. 

Great  Britain  declared  war  against  France,  March  29, 
1744,  O.  S. 

After  the  treaty  of  peace,  October  7,  1748,  Louisburg 
was  turned  over  to  the  French  intact,  and  the  British 
troops  evacuated  Louisburg  July  12,  1749.  And  the 
provinces  gained  practically  uothing  for  their  blood  and 
treasure  expended  daring  the  war. 

The  pay  of  the  soldiers  in  provincial  currency  was 
twenty-five  shillings  a  month,  or  less  than  sixpence  a  day, 
sterling,  the  soldier  furnishing  his  own  clothing  and  gun. 

From  Parkman's,  fc4  A  Half  Century  of  Conflict ": 

"  The  New  England  soldier  fancied  that  he  was  doing 
the  work  of  God.  And  the  descendant  of  the  Puritans  was 
never  so  well  pleased  as  when  teaching  their  duty  to  other 
people,  whether  by  pen,  voice,  or  bombshells.  The  ragged 
artillerymen,  battering  the  walls  of  papistical  Louisburg,  flat 
tered  themselves  with  the  notion  that  they  were  champions 
of  gospel  truth.  Barefoot  and  tattered,  they  toiled  on 
with  indomitable  pluck,  doing  the  work  which  oxen  could 
not  do,  with  no  comfort  but  their  daily  dram  of  New  Eng 
land  rum." 

"  Maine,  then  a  part  of  Massachusetts,  furnished  full  one 
third  of  the  men  of  the  Massachusetts  contingent." 

According  to  Parkman,  the  winter  of  1746  must  have 
been  terrible,  on  account  of  sickness,  "At  the  end  of  Jan 
uary,  five  hundred,  and  sixty  one  had  died" 

"  On  May  10, 1746,  Governor  Shirley  writes  to  Newcastle, 
that  eight  hundred  and  ninety  men,  had  died  during  the 
winter  " 


30  NEAV    HAMPSHIRE    MEN    AT   LOUISBURG. 

From  Douglas,  North  America: 

u  outside  the  Maurepas  Gate,  by  the  old  lime-Kiln,  the 
forgotten  bones  of  above  five  hundred  New  England  men 
lie  there  to  this  day,  under  the  coarse  neglected  grass  " 

There  is  in  the  library  of  the  New  Hampshire  Historical 
society  at  Concord,  a  book  containing  two  hundred  and 
sixty  pages,  inscribed  as  follows  :  "  A  List  of  Prisoners  tryed 
at  General  Court  Martial  held  at  Louisburg,  in  the  Island 
of  Cape  Breton,  in  the  years  1746 — 1747  &  1748."  And  has 
the  appearance  of  being,  and  undoubtedly  is,  the  original 
journal. 

The  officers  of  the  New  Hampshire  troops  on  their  return 
home,  presented  a  bell  (which  has  since  been  re-cast)  that 
they  had  captured  at  Louisburg,  to  Queen's  Chapel,  Ports 
mouth.  The  peal  of  the  brazen-tongued  messenger  from 
the  grim  old  fortifications  of  Louisburg  is  still  heard  from 
the  tower  of  St  John's  church. 

From  Barstow's  History  of  New  Hampshire  : 

"  Louisburg 'was  situated  on  a  neck  of  land  south  of  one 
of  the  finest  harbors  on  the  island.  The  city  was  sur 
rounded  by  a  wall  of  stone  thirty-six  feet  high." 

William  Vaughan  of  Portsmouth  is  said  to  have  been  the 
originator  of  the  Louisburg  expedition. 

Not  a  man  in  the  expedition  had  previously  seen  Louis 
burg. 

Distance  from  Portsmouth  to  Louisburg  about  six  hun 
dred  miles. 

The  city  of  Louisburg,  at  the  time  of  its  capture,  con 
tained  5,000  inhabitants,  exclusive  of  the  troops. 


§ 


M 


INDEX 

TO  PLAN  OF  LOUISBOURG,  1745. 
FKOM  A  SURVEY  BY  LIEUTENANT-COLONEL   K.   GRIDLEY. 


A  Dauphin's  Bastion  and  West  Gate. 
B  King's  Bastion,  or  Citadel. 
C  Queen's  Bastion. 
D  Princess's  Bastion  and  South  Gate. 
E  Maurepas  Bastion  and  East  Gate. 
1111  Glacis. 
Ditch. 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE   MEN   AT   LOUISBURG. 


31 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  MEN  IN  THE  LOUISBURG  EXPEDITION,  1745. 


NAMES. 


Residence.      Enlisted 


Rank. 


Company.       Reg't 


Atkinson,  John 1    Feb.  13  Private     Moore's Moore' 

Ackers,  Joseph Exeter "            Light's 

Addison,  Jonas " 

Atkinson,  Joseph Brentwood " 

Adams,  John Londonderry..    June20  "           Sherburne's 

Ambrose,  Jonathan Exeter " 

Aylmer,  Valentine " 

Abbott,  Joseph Dover Feb.  13  "            Hale's 

Allen,  Daniel Greenland "            Whidden's. 

Abbott,  John " 

1  Allcock,  John Portsmouth Feb.  13  " 

Arickson,  Samuel " 

Barker,  John Feb.  13  "            Moore's. 

Black,  Adam "  " 

Blake,  John,  Jr... Kensington "  Corp. 

1  Broughton,  Noah Portsmouth —         "  Private 

Brown,  Isaac "  " 

Batt,  Thomas Sergt.      Fellows's 

Bell,  Timothy Private) 

Bickford,  Jethro Newington "                 " 

Boothby,  Jonathan Portsmouth ..  "                 " 

Brewster,  Richard "                    "                 " 

Brown,  Caleb Brentwood "         j  Light's 

Brown,  John "                   "                 "         

Boardman,  John Feb.  13  "           Sherburne's 

Blake,  Samuel Kensington "           Prescott's.. 

Bean,  Edward "         i  Hale's 

Bean,  Nathaniel Feb.  13  "                 "         

Berry,  Joseph "  "                 "         

2  Bunker,  Benjamin Durham "  "                 "         

Buss,  Joseph Dover "  " 

Bussell,  Jacob "      "  " 

Bussell,  John "      •'  Sergt. 

Blake,  Timothy Hampton  Falls         "  Private  ,  Williams's. 

Bond,  Jonathan "  "                   " 

3  Brown,  Edmund Hampton  Falls         "  Ensign  i           " 

Bennett,  Abraham Private  i  Whidden's. 

Brewster,  John "                    " 

Barber,  Joseph , April  15  "         !  Trefethen's 

Blake,  Josiah ;  "                   " 

Bassett,  Richard I  "         I 

Bean,  Daniel Kingston Feb.  13  "         j 

Bickford,  Eleazer Durham "  "         j 

Blake,  Samuel,  Jr Kensington "         | 

4  Blaster,  Joseph Mariner  

Brooks,  Edward Portsmouth —    Feb.  13  Ensign    

Buntin,  Samuel Private  i 

Center,  Abraham "         ;  Fellows's  . . 

Claridge,  Thomas " 

Colbath,  Pitman Newmarket " 

Colbath,  Joseph " 

Colbath,  Benjamin Newington " 

Cooper,  Jonathan " 

Cooper,  John " 

Cloyd,  James Brentwood "            Light's 

Coney,  Jack "                 "         

Creighton,  George Exeter "                 "         

Carter,  John Londonderry.      June  20  "           Sherburne's 

Cass,  Abner "                    " 

Cotton,  John Portsmouth...      Feb.  13  Sergt.   ! 

Cunningham,  Robert  ..    Londonderry.      June  20  Private1 

Chapman,  John Kensington "            Prescott's.. 

Chase,  Enoch "                    " 


Taken  prisoner. 


2  Promoted  to  Ensign  Aug.  10. 
Oct.  1.        *  Killed. 


a  Promoted  to  Lieutenant 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE   MEN    AT    LOUISBU.RG.  33 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE  MEN  IN  THE  LOUISBURG  EXPEDITION,  1745.— Cont. 


NAMES.  Residence.       Enlisted,  j    Rank.       Company.       Reg't. 

Challis,  Thomas \ Private  '  Prescott's. . :  Moore's . 

Choate,  Jonathan Kingston 

Clifford,  William " 

Cram,  Benjamin 

Cash,  Thomas Dover Feb.  13  "         j  Hale.s 

Clark,  Josiah 

Clark,  Stephen 

Cook,  Ebenezer Dover 

Critchet,  James 

Calfe,  Robert Chester Sergt.      Williams's. 

Cass,  Nason Exeter Private 

Cram,  Daniel Hampton  Falls " 

Cucknet,  William "            Whidden's. 

Cummin,  Benjamin "            Trefethen's 

Card,  Edward Newcastle Feb.  13  Mariner    Fernald' 

Card,  Thomas "  " 

Colby,  Spencer Portsmouth —         "  " 

Crimble,  Charles " 

Carty ,  John Private 

1  Cass,  Jonathan Kensington Feb.  13  " 

Clark,  Alexander Oct.   17  Surgeon 

Conner,  Samuel Feb.  13  Lieut. 

2  Cotton,  Timothy Portsmouth "  Private 

Dalton,  Benjamin "  "            Moore's.. 

Dunkin,  John "  "         

Dam,  Jonathan "         •  Fellows's  .. 

Downing,  Joseph "                    " 

Dunn,  Thomas "                    " 

Dolloff,  Amos Exeter "            Light's 

Dolloff,  David "       "                 "         .... 

Dudley,  Joseph "                 "         

Dudley,  Joseph,  Jr "                 "         

Davis,  Moses "            Prescott's.. 

Davis,  William 

Dow,  Charles  " 

Dow,  Nathan Kensington "                    " 

Dam,  William Dover "            Hale's 

Daniels,  David "      "                 "         , 

Drew,  Zebulon "      "                 "         

Durgin,  William "                 "         

3 Dudley,  Trueworthy...    Exeter Feb.  13  Capt.    !  Dudley's  . . 

4  Daniels,  Eliphalet Durham "  Lieut.    ;Fernald's.. 

Doe,  Daniel "          "  Mariner             " 

Daniels,  Benjamin Apr.  15  "           Trefethen's 

Davison,  Dudley "  " 

Dam,  George Portsmouth —    Feb.  13  Private    

Dam,  Waymouth "          

Dam,  The'ophilus Newington Feb.  13  "          

Dacker,  David Portsmouth "  "          

Dearborn,  Shubael Hampton "          

Dent,  John Kingston "          

Denerson,  John Portsmouth —  "          

Dolloff,  John Sergt.     

Dow,  Jeremiah Hampton i Private   

Downer,  Andrew Officer    

5  Dudley,  James Exeter Feb.  13  Lieut 

6  Dunn,' Nicholas Portsmouth "  Private    

7  Emery,  Anthony Hampton :        "  Surgeon 

Elliot,  Abraham Private     Fellows's  ..  Moore's. 

Edgerly,  John "            Light's " 

Ealet,  John "            Prescott's 

Eastman,  Samuel " 

Evans,  Stephen Dover  Feb.  13 


1  Died  Sept.  13,  1745.         2  Taken  prisoner, 
and  prisoner.       5  Discharged  Aug.  7. 
3 


Discharged  July  21.       4  Wounded 
Killed.       ?  Mass.  Artillery  Co. 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE   MEN   AT   LOUISBURG.  35 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE  MEN  IN  THE  LOUISBURG  EXPEDITION,  1745.— Cont. 


NAMES. 


Residence.       Enlisted.     Rank.       Company.       Reg't. 


Feb.  13 


Private  j  Williams's.  Moore's. 
Whidden's. 


Adjt.    i 

Private     Moore's 

Lieut. 
Private 

Lieut.    !  Fellows's  .. 
Private 


Ellest,  John 

Emery,  Daniel 

Edgerly,  Samuel Brentwood  . 

Eyre,  John Portsmouth. 

Picket,  John |  "  :        " 

JFlagg,  John "  '        " 

2  Flagg,  John,  Jr j  "  " 

Forham,  Richard '• " 

3  Fellows,  Nathaniel i !  June  20 

Fitzgerald,  Richard  ...i \ 

Foy ,  John (  Dover ! 

Furber,  Richard ,  Newington i 

Ferrin,  Moses '   i 

Fifield,  William | | 

Flanders,  Moses i 

Folsom,  Joseph 

Forrest,  John ; 

Fellows,  John i j         '         ;  Prescott's.. 

Ferrel,  John Somersworth. .    Feb.  13  |         '  Kale's 

Folsom,  J ohn ! 

Forse,  John i  Dover 

Fowler,  Morrice ''      

Fox,  Edward j  Newmarket 

4  French,  John Hampton  Falls         "  '  Williams's 

5Fernald,  John j  Portsmouth...         "         |     Capt.    i   Fernald's. 

Foss,  Zachariah ' "  Lieut.  " 

Furbush,  Benjamin ,  Dover Private:  Wise's 

Furguson,  John j i        "  " 

Fales,  Nathan "          

e  Folsom,  Jonathan  : June  17      Lieut 

Frost,  Samuel Portsmouth Private 

Fullerton,  William •  Brentwood j        " 

Gooding,  David ; Feb.  13  j        "  Moore's. . . 

Gordon,  David "  •« 

Green,  John "  "  " 

Gardner,  Joseph j j "  Light's 

Gibson,  John 

Giles,  Joseph !  Brentwood 

Oilman,  James 

Gordon,  Robert 

Gordon,  James ; I 

Gault,  Adam '  Londonderry  .    June  20          "  Sherburne's 

Gault,  Patrick j  "  "  "  " 

Griffith,  John,  Jr Portsmouth.. ..    Feb.  13       Clerk 

George,  Joseph : ! Private    Prescott's . . 

Gilman,  Joshua \ " 

Gimpson,  Thomas ! "  " 

4  Gove,  Ebenezer Hampton  Falls " 

Gove,  Joseph i  "      " 

Green,  Bradbury "  "       June  17      Lieut.  " 

Gerrish,  William Dover Feb.  13     Private     Hale's 

Giles,  John Corp.  "       

Glidden,  William Private          "       

Gorman,  James 

Gowell,  John 

Grace,  Nicholas 

Gray,  Reuben Corp.  "       

7  Gloster,  John Portsmouth Feb.  13     Private     Mason's  .. 

8Goudy,  James "  "  " 

Gardner,  David "  Whidden's 

Greeley,  Peter " 

Grove/John "        " 

Gale,  Daniel I    Officer    


Promoted  to  Captain;  no  date.  2  Promoted  Ensign  July  9.  3  Promoted  to 
Captain  Oct.  1.  4  Died.  6  Captain  of  the  Sloop  Abigail.  6  Died  Jan.  20, 1746. 
7  Negro  Slave  of  Theodore  Atkinson.  8  Killed. 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE   MEN    AT   LOUISBURG.  37 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE  MEN  IN  THE  LOUISBURG  EXPEDITION,  1745.— Cont. 


NAMES. 

Residence. 

Enlisted. 

Rank.       Company.      Reg't. 

Oilman  Ezekiel  

Exeter  

Feb.  13 
April  15 

Major 
Surgeon 
Lieut. 
Private 

Ensign 
Private 
Capt. 
Private 

Ensign 
Private 
Sergt. 
Private 

Drum'r 
Private 

Lieut. 
Private 

Sergt. 
Private 

Sergt. 
Psivate 

Mariner 
Officer 
Private 
Mariner 

Artificer 

1  Oilman,  Robert  
Oilman  Jonathan  

Brentwood  .... 

,, 

Glidden  Charles    

,, 

Godfrey,  Jonathan  
2  Hall  John 

Feb.  13 

(( 

Moore's  " 

Fellows's  .  .         " 

Prescott's..         " 
Hale's  ; 

Wise's!!!.". 

2  Hall    Richard 

Haley  Thomas  

Newington  

Feb.  13 

Huse  William 

Hooper    John  

Huntress,  Christopher. 

Newington  

Feb.  13 

3  Hale,  Samuel  
Harris,  Richard  
Hassam,  Jacob  

Portsmouth  
Dover  

Feb.  13 

Hayes   Elisha  .... 

Heard,  Samuel  
Hill,  Ichabod  
Hoit,  Charles  
Hubbard  John  H  

Hurell,  Gideon  
Huntress  Samuel  

Portsmouth  — 
Dover  

Hussey.  John  

Hall  John   Jr 

4  Ham  Joseph  

Portsmouth  — 

Feb.  13 

, 

4  Ham    Wevmouth  

, 

5  Ham   William 

( 

Hart  John 

( 

Hicks    John 

Greenland.  ... 

Feb.  13 

( 

"Hilton   William  

(l 

Hopkins,  Edward  
Hutchins   George  

(i 

Feb.  13 

(( 

Wiiiiams's. 
Moore's  i         ' 
Fellows's  .  .          • 
Light's  

Jones  Thomas  

Feb.  13 

Jackson,  Joshua  
Jackson   Eli.sha  

Portsmouth  

Feb.  13 

( 

6  Jackson,  Ebenezer  

, 

i         ( 

( 

Feb.  13 

Moore's  ' 
Fellows's  .  .          ' 
Light's  
Sherburne's          ' 
Prescott's  .          • 
Hale's  

Fernald's..          < 
Dudley's'..           ' 
Whiddens..' 
Fernald's...;         ' 

Knight    Richard  

Kelley   Daniel 

Kennedy,  Robert  

Londonderry  .  .    June  20 

Keniston    William 

Feb.  13 

Kenney,  Richard  

Kinkett  David 

Keniston,  Samuel,  Jr.. 
Kimming,  Benjamin.  .  . 

Greenland  Feb.  13 
Exeter  " 

Feb.  13 

Wounded.       2Some  places,  written  Hull.         3  Promoted  to  Major,  Oct.  17,  1745. 
4  Taken  prisoner.        "Died.        «  Wounded,  and  died.       *  Killed. 


NEW   HAMPSHIRE   MEN   AT   LOUISBURG.  39 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE  MEN  IN  THE  LOUISBURG  EXPEDITION,  1745.— Cont. 


NAMES. 

Residence. 

Enlisted. 

Rank. 

Company.       Reg't 

Feb.  13 

Private 

Capt. 
Private 

Sergt. 
Private 

Capt. 
Private 
Capt. 
Private 

Surgeon 
Chaplain 
Private 

Lieut. 
Private 
Col. 
Private 

Sergt. 
Private 

Ensign 
Private 

Capt. 
Private 

Moore's.   ..  Moore' 
"      ...          ' 
Light's.!   !! 

Sherburne's          ' 
Prescott's..          ' 

Kale's  I 

Williams's. 
Ladd's                   ' 

Lamson,  Nathaniel.... 

Exeter 

Light  John  

Exeter  .  .  . 

June  17 

Logan    Andrew.  .  .  . 

Londonderry.. 

June  20 

Lowell,  James  
Libby,  Benjamin  
Libby  Daniel 

Hampton  Falls 

Feb.  13 

Ladd    Daniel 

Feb.  13 

June  17 
April  15 

,,                         , 

Leavitt  Jonathan  

Trefetlien's          ' 
Wise's  

3  Ladd,  Jonathan,  Jr  

Kingston  .... 
Portsmouth..  . 

Feb.  13 
Mar.  18 

( 

Lapish   William  

, 

3  Leavitt,  Moses  
Leavitt    Joshua  

Hampton  

Feb.  13 

, 

' 

Lewis   Benjamin  

Portsmouth.  .  . 

Feb.  13 

, 

Leavitt  Samuel  

Feb.  13 

Feb.  12 
Feb.  13 

, 

4  Lufkin  Isaac 

, 

Moore,  Samuel  

Portsmouth  — 

Moore's  ' 

Fellows's..          ' 
Light's  
Sherburne's          ' 

Prescott's..-         ' 

Kale's  
Williams's. 
Mason's  ' 
McGregor's 
Whidden's. 

Marston  James  

McMahone   Roger  

Marcy   William  

Moody,  Clement  
5  Marston,  Jeremiah  
McLaughlin,  John  
McLenchan,  James  
McNeil  John  

Brentwood  .  . 

Hampton  
Londonderry.. 

Manchester  — 
Londonderry.. 

Portsmouth  — 

Feb.  13 
June  20 

Feb.  13 

McNeil,  James  
Miller    Samuel  

:i  Montgomery,  Henry.. 
6  Montgomery  Hugh  

Rochester 

Mason,  John  T  
McGregor,  Daniel  

Portsmouth  — 
Londonderry.  . 

Feb.  13 
June  20 

Marshall    Henry  

Brentwood  

April  15 

Marshall,  Hawley  
Martin   Michael 

Martyn    Robert         ••• 



Mason,  Benjamin  
Mason,  Francis  
7  Mattoon  Richard  

Hampton  

Feb.  13 

Lieut. 
Private 

Meader,  Moses  

J  Promoted  to  Ensign,  July  16,  1745.      2  Taken  prisoner.      3Died.      *  Wounded. 
"  Killed .        « Killed .       i  Some  places,  Malloon. 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE    MEN    AT    LOUISBURG.  41 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE  MEN  IN  THE  LOUISBURG  EXPEDITION,  1745.— Cont. 


NAMES. 

Residence.       Enlisted. 

Rank. 

1 
Company.       Reg't. 

Merrill  Jacob  

June  17 
Feb.  13 

June  20 
Feb.  13 

Ensign 
Lt.  Col. 
Lieut. 
Capt. 
Private 

Ensign 
Private 

Ensign 
Private 

Capt. 
Private 

Corp. 
Private 

Ensign 

Private 
Ensign 
Sur.  ch'f 
Armorer 
Private 

Mo 

3re's. 

Meserve,  Nathaniel... 
1  Meserve,  Nathaniel,Jr. 
Meserve,  George  
-Miller,  Robert  
Moody    John..            ... 

Portsmouth  — 
Hampton  Fails 

Meserve's.. 

Morgan,  Abraham  
3  Morgan,  John  
Moulton,  Nathaniel  
4  Newraarch,  Thomas.  . 
Norton  Caleb 

Stratham  
Kingston  
Hampton  
Portsmouth  — 

Feb.  13 

Feb.  13 

April  15 
Feb.  13 

Fellows's  .  . 
Prescott's.. 
Trefethen's 
Kale's  

Nute,  Paul  
Nelson,  Joseph  
Nelson,  John  
5  Nelson,  Leader  
Nelson,  James  

Dover     .... 

Portsmouth  — 

Peirce   Perham    ... 

Feb.  13 

Moore's  : 

.  .  .  .  I 
Fellows's  .  . 

Light's  

Sherburne's 
Prescott's.. 

Hale's  
Whidden's'. 

Perry  John  

<;  Pitman,  Ezekiel,  Jr  
Philbrick  Joseph     .... 

Portsmouth.... 

Feb.  13 

-<  Prescott,  William  
Palmer   Growth  .  . 

Epping  

Feb.  13 

Page,  David  

Exeter  

s  Prescott    Jonathan.... 

June  17 

3  Prescott,  John  
Pressey,  Paul  
Perkins,  Thomas  

Kingston  

Rochester  

Feb.  13 

Paine  John  

Newcastle  

Peavev   Joseph 

Partridge,  Jonathan.  .  . 
Pease,  Samuel  
Pendexter,  Edward,  Jr. 
Perkins,  Robert  

Portsmouth  — 

Feb.  13 



Feb.  13 
Oct.  10 

3  Philbrick  Simon  

Feb.  13 
Mar.  16 
Feb.  13 

Pierce    Joseph  

Portsmouth..  .  . 
Dover  

Pinkham,  Solomon  
Quimby  Eliphalet 

Light's  
Moore's  
Fellows's  .. 

Sherburne's 
Light's  
Prescott's.. 

Hale's  
Williams's! 

Rand    William.    . 

Newcastle  Feb.  13 

Randall   William 

Rawlings  Stephen  .... 

Rawlings,  Samuel  
Read,  Solomon  
Roberts,  Isaac  

Dover  

Rundlett  Satchel  

Feb.  13 

Rowe,  Nathan  

Hampton  Falls 

Ring  Eliphalet  

Portsmouth  Feb.  13 
Dover  " 

Chester  " 

Roberts,  Samuel  
Roberts,  Thomas  
Rowel],  Enoch  
Rand  William  Jr 

"Rawlings,  Joseph  

' 

Redman,  Joseph  

t 

'Taken  prisoner,  Aug.  1,  promoted  to  Lieutenant.  2  Arm  shot  off.  3Died. 
4  Promoted  to  Lieutenant,  Oct.  5,  1745.  5Taken  prisoner.  8  Promoted  to 
Lieutenant,  June  20, 1745.  t  Lost  a  leg.  *  Died  April  12, 1746.  »  Wounded , 
June  7. 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE    MEN    AT    LOUISBURG.  43 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE  MEN  IN  THE  LOUISBURG  EXPEDITION,  1745.-Con*. 


NAMES. 

Residence. 

Enlisted. 

Rank. 

Company.       Reg't. 

Robie,  Samuel  

Chester  

Feb.  13 

Lieut 

Moore's. 

Robinson    Charles  

Private 

Feb    13 

Spriggs  William 

4 

Studlev  William  

44 

4 

n                    ii 

4 

Sherburne  Edward  ... 

4 

4 

1                                             ,4 

Sanborn  Josiah  

44 

Lights'                  " 

4, 

44 

1             '  '       *                    ,, 

Severans,  John  

11 

1                                             II 

Sinkler  Ebenezer  

Exeter  

44 

4                                                , 

41 

,                                                4 

,4 

4                                                , 

Sherburne,  Henry  
Sherburne,  Joseph  
Sherburne   Edward  .  .  . 

Portsmouth  ... 

Feb.  13 
June   6 

Captain 
Private 

Sherburne's          ' 

,                     , 

Stockbridge   Warren.. 

44 

ii                     i 

,4 

Swain  William  

Hampton  Falls 

4, 

Sweet  Robert  

44 

,4                                                , 

Salter  Richard  

Dover  

44 

Hale's                   ' 

Portsmouth  .  .  . 

, 

4 

ii                     i 

Smith  Archibald  

Dover  

4 

,4         '                                      4 

Smith  John 

, 

4,                                                , 

Stanton,  Benjamin.   ... 
Stanton,  Benjamin,  Jr. 
Stoodlej"  Jonathan.... 

Dover  
Somersworth.  . 
Portsmouth  .  .  . 

Feb.  13 

' 

"         ' 

4 

Williams's            ' 

, 

Hampton  Falls 

44                                                , 

Seaward,  William  
Smith  James  

So.  Hampton.  . 

Feb.  13 

Captain 
Private 

Seaward  's  .          ' 

Wise's                   • 

Sleeper  Joseph  

Kingston  

Feb    13 

Ensign 

Ladd's                  ' 

Sanborn,  Shubael  
Sargent,  Nathaniel  Jr. 

Hampton  

Mar  20 

Private 
Surgeon 

Shaw   Josiah  

44 

Feb    13 

Private 

4 

Sheaf  e,  Jacob  

Portsmouth.  .  .  . 

Oct.     5 

Comsy 

, 

Sleeper  Moses  

Kingston  

June  17 

Lieut 

4 

Sleeper,  Henry  
Sleeper  John  

Portsmouth  — 
Hampton  

Feb.  13 

Private 



,, 

, 

Feb    13 

(l 

Tobe3r    Samuel  

,4 

,, 

,4 

II                                                1 

Treadwell,  William  E.. 

Portsmouth  — 

" 

Comsy. 
Private 

"            ' 

Thompson  Samuel  .  .  . 

Fellows's              ' 

Feb    13 

44 

Thompson  James  

Corpl 

Thompson,  William  ... 
Titcomb  John  

Rochester  
Dover  

; 

Private 

Hale's  

Tibbetts   Samuel  

, 

Corpl 

u                     i 

Tilton  Benjamin  

Hampton  Falls 

Private 

Prescott's  .          ' 

Tavlor  James  

Williams's           ' 

Tilton  Jacob 

Mar     1 

Captain 

Tilton's                 ' 

Trefethen,  Abraham... 
3  Tucker,  Lewis  

Newcastle  

Apr.  15 
Feb.  13 

Mariner 
Officer 

Trefethen's          ' 
Fernald's..          ' 

Portsmouth  . 

Feb    13 

Private 

, 

, 

2  An  Indian.       3 Taken  prisoner,  died.       4  Wounded. 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE    MEN    AT    LOU1SBURG.  45 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE  MEN  IN  THE  LOUISBURG  EXPEDITION.  1745.— Cont. 


NAMES.  Residence.       Enlisted.     Rank.       Company.   :    Reg't. 

1  Thornton,  Mathew Londonderry..    Mar.    1  Surgeon 

Tilton,  Daniel ! Private    Moore' 

-Trefethen,  Henry  Jr...    Newcastle i  Feb.  13 

Try  dick,  Henry. 

2  Tufts,  Thomas Feb.  13  Ensign 

3 Veasey, Jeremiah June  17          "  Light's. 

Vittem,  William Hampton !  Feb.  13  Private     Moore's 

*  Vaughan,  William '  Portsmouth  ...         "  Lt.  Col. 

Vittem,  William,  Jr Hampton Private    Moore' 

White,  Nathaniel  R Stratham Feb.  13  Sergt.    i  Moore's 

Wilson,  John "  Private 

Wallace,  Archibald "         !  Fellows's  . . 

Weare,  Moses "  " 

Welch, John 

Wherrin,  James " 

Wherrin,  Isaac ! " 

Woodham,  John "  " 

Waldron,  Richard  K...J  Dover Feb.  13          "  Kale's 

Watson,  Samuel "      i        " 

Wingate,  Moses "      j        "  Lieut.  " 

Wingate,  Daniel "      !        "  Private! 

Ward.  James "  Light's 

Watson,  Thomas " 

Wells,  John " 

Winslow,  Joshua Sept.  30  Lieut. 

Welch,  David Private    Sherburne' 

Wright,  Ebenezer | Apr.  15  Ensign  |  " 

Ward,  Daniel j Private  I  Prescott's 

•'  Weare,  Joseph Kensington...  ! i        " 

Weed,  Joseph ; \ " 

6  Worthen,  Ezekiel Kensington  ..  .!.June  17  i  Ensign)  " 

Weare,  Nathaniel Hampton  Falls Private  I   William's.. 

2  Williams,  Edward "  Mar.    2  Captain  " 

Waldron,  Thomas  W..J  Dover Feb.  13          "  Waldron's  . 

Watson,  Jonathan Hampton  Falls Private     Ladd's 

Whidden,  James Feb.  13  Captain)  Whidden's. 

Wise,  John Apr.  15          "         'Wise's 

Wood,  James Mar.  18  Sur.Mate 

Wadleigh,  Theophilus .    Epping Private 

Walden.  John " 

Warren,  Walter |  Portsmouth...] |        " 

Waters,  Samuel j j        " 

7  Weymouth,  Shadrick..  Feb.  13 

Wheelwright.Jeremiahi "  Lieut. 

Whidden,  Michael I  Portsmouth  ..  J        "  Private 

Whidden,  Nicholas....  "  Sergt. 

White,  Samuel i i        "  Lieut. 

Whitton,  Samuel Captain 

Wormall,  Daniel Brentwood Feb.  13  Ensign 

Young,  Eleazer Dover "         i    Sergt.      Hale's 

Young,  Joseph j  Private    Sherburne's 

Yeatton,  Philip Somers worth..    Apr.  15  Ensign 

York,  Richard Exeter Feb.  13  Private 

Young,  Hezekiah Kingston 


iRichmonds,  Mass.  Reg't.  2Died.  s Promoted  to  lieutenant  Oct.  1,  1745.  *Com- 
missioned  by  Mass.  "Promoted  ensign  Aug.  11,  1745.  6 Promoted  to  lieutenant 
Oct.  1,  1745.  7  Taken  prisoner. 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE   MEN   AT   LOUISBURG-. 


47 


NEW  HAMPSHIRE  MEN  IN  THE  LOUISBURG  EXPEDITION,  1745.— Cont. 


NAMES. 

| 
Residence. 

1 

Enlisted. 

Rank. 

Company. 

Reg't. 

Atherton,  Philip Private 

Bishop,  Baly Sergt. 

Blaucher,  Edward Private 

Braman,  Thomas Drum'r 

Campbell,  Jeremiah j Private 

Caperon,  John " 

. . . ' Sergt, 

Private 


Cobb,  Richard. 

Crossman,  Henry 

Day,  Edward 

Dorman,  Micajah 

Esty,  Benjamin 

Fillebrown,  Thomas 

Fisher,  Nehemiah 

Fisher,  Abijah 

Fisher,  John 

Fisher,  Eleazer 

Forrest,  John 

Forrest,  Samuel 

French,  Ephraim 

French,  Jacob 
Glen,  Richard 
Grover,  Thomas 
Hodges,  Eliphal 
Hodges,  Benjam 
Hounestman,  H 
Lane,  Zepheniah 
Lyon,  Elkan 
Napp,  Aaron 
Rogers,  John 
Sheldon,  Ephraim 
Thayer,  Ephraim 
Thayer,  Philip 
Tiffany, Joseph 
Tiffany,  Robert 
Turner,  Ebenezer 
Weeks,  John 
White,  Abraham 
White,  Daniel... 
Wood,  Benjamin 


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48  NEW    HAMPSHIRE    MEN    AT    LOTJISBURO. 

\_Sldrley  to    Wentworth.] 

Boston,  March  4,  1745. 

Sir,  As  it  will  be  uncertain  where  Mr  Vaughan  will  be 
upon  the  arrival  of  this  I  am  obliged  to  trouble  you  with 
10011'  N.  Ten  our  (by  the  bearer)  to  pay  to  those  men,  w('h 
he  shall  have  enlisted  over  &  above  the  150  to  be  aggre 
gated  to  your  Regiment,  and  to  desire  him  to  seey*  the  men 
are  march'd  to  Boston  instantly  to  fill  up  the  Incomplete 
Companies  belonging  te  Colonel  Hale's  Regiment,  w('h  will 
be  there  by  the  time  those  men  get  to  Boston,  or  if  he 
marches  'em  to  Charleston  it  will  do:  I  must  refer  you  for 
everything  else  at  present  to  Mr  Bastide,  who  will  dine  wth 
you  on  Monday — 1  am  sorry  I  am  obliged  to  trouble  you 
wth  the  Letter  wch  accompanies  this,  at  this  improper  time ; 
But  I  could  not  avoid,  from  the  Importunity  of  the  Coun 
cil,  and  expectation  of  the  assembly,  doing  it  longer — I  will 
write  you  further  upon  it  by  next  post  and  must  now  sub 
scribe  my  self  in  much  haste  and  Truth 

Your  Excys  most  obedient  Humble  servant 

W.  Shirley 
His  Excy  Govr  Wentworth 

[The  men  referred  to  in  the  foregoing  were  raised  in  New 
Hampshire,  over  and  above  its  own  quota,  to  help  Massa 
chusetts  fill  its  quota  for  the  Louisburg  expedition.  See 
Vol.  V,  943.— Editor  N.  H.  State  Papers.] 

From  the  above  letter  of  Governor  Shirley  of  Massachu 
setts  it  would  appear  that  the  thirty-nine  men  in  the  fore 
going  roll  were  from  New  Hampshire,  but  as  it  is  uncer 
tain,  have  put  them  in  a  separate  roll. 


THE    CELEBRATION. 


The  American  Historical  Register  has  granted 
the  writer  permission  to  copy  from  its  report  of  the 
proceeding's  at  the  celebration,  in  the  July  number 
for  1895,  which  he  has  done,  in  an  abridged  form. 

THE   LOUISBURG   MONUMENT. 

ERECTED    BY    THE    SOCIETY    OF    COLONIAL    WAKS. 
UNVEILED    JUNE    17,    1895. 

The  handsome  marble  column  erected  by  the  So 
ciety  of  Colonial  Wars  at  Louisburg,  Cape  Breton, 
to  commemorate  the  one  hundred  and  fiftieth  anni 
versary  of  the  siege  and  surrender  of  the  fortress 
of  Louisburg  to  the  New  England  troops  under 
General  Pepperell,  was  unveiled  June  17.  It  was 
a  successful  event  in  every  way.  The  weather  was 
propitious  to  outdoor  services  and  thousands  of 
people  from  the  surrounding  country  and  from  Hal 
ifax  and  Sydney,  witnessed  the  function.  Every 
State  Society  of  Colonial  Wars  was  represented, 
many  members  of  the  New  York  and  New  England 
Chapters  were  present  on  their  private  yachts  with 
parties  of  friends. 

The  British  war  ship  Canada  was  present  and 
gaily  decorated  with  bunting,  as  were  the  vessels 
in  port  and  many  private  residences. 


THE    LOUISBURG    MONUMENT. 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE    MEN    AT    LOUISBUliG.  51 

The  French  Canadians  entered  heartily  into 
the  jollification,  although  the  monument  was  to 
commemorate  a  victory  over  their  ancestors  Fre 
quent  mention  was  made  by  the  speakers  of  the 
valor  and  chivalry  of  the  French,  and  the  hope  was 
expressed  that  the  French  republic  would  always 
be  on  friendly  relations  with  the  United  States  and 
Great  Britain.  The  land  on  which  the  monument 
is  erected  was  donated  by  a  Frenchman. 

The  assemblage  was  called  to  order  at  noon,  in 
the  King's  Bastion  of  the  ruins  of  the  fortress,  by 
the  chairman  of  the  Society's  Monument  Commit 
tee,  Mr.  Rowland  Pell,  of  New  York,  with  some 
appropriate  remarks.  After  prayer  by  the  Rev.  Dr. 
Salter,  of  Burlington,  Iowa,  the  following  address 
of  Mr.  Frederick  J.  de  Peyster,  of  .New  York,  gov 
ernor-general  of  the  Society,  was  read  by  Mr.  Pell : 

Mr.  Governor,  Grentlemen  of  the  Society  of  Colonial  Wars, 
and  G-uests :  We  have  assembled  here  to-day  among  these 
stoned  ruins  to  dedicate  the  first — the  very  first — monument 
ever  erected  by  the  people  of  the  Great  Republic  to  com 
memorate  the  greatest  triumph  achieved  by  their  colonial 
ancestors. 

It  is  the  greatest  triumph,  because  it  is  the  only  instance 
recorded  in  history  of  the  victory  of  a  body  of  irregulars, 
led  by  a  civilian,  over  well-trained  and  gallant  foes.  It  was 
the  success  of  shopkeepers,  artisans,  fishermen,  farmers,  and 
clerks  commanded  by  a  mere  merchant,  planned  by  a  law 
yer  utterly  ignorant  of  the  art  of  war,  over  the  regular 
soldiers  of  the  first  military  power  of  Europe,  led  by  well- 
trained,  experienced,  and  gallant  commanders,  and  in 
trenched  within  the  strongest  fortress  of  the  New  World. 

The  enterprise  was  a  mad  one,  but  it  succeeded.  Victorv 
without  the  English  fleet  would  have  been  impossible.  The 


52  NEW    HAMPSHIRE    MEN    AT    LOUTS  BURG. 

English  fleet  was  at  first  refused,'  but  it  arrived  in  good  time 
to  complete  the  victory.  Thirty  years  ago,  Goldwiu  Smith 
said : 

u  The  English  yeomanry  are  no  longer  to  be  found  in 
England,  the  descendants  of  the  brave  youths  who  followed 
the  standards  of  Cromwell  and  Ireton  no  longer  breathe 
British  air  ;  but  they  are  not  extinct;  to-day  you  may  find 
them  beneath  the  standards  of  Grant  and  of  Sherman." 

What  renders  this  triumph  of  the  Anglo-Saxon  race  the 
more  glorious  is  that  it  was  won  over  worthy  foes.  The 
fortress  which  capitulated  150  years  ago  to-day  was  held 
by  the  first  soldiers  of  Europe,  the  warriors  of  the  uGrand 
Monarque."  Few  laurels  can  be  won  by  defeating  a  horde 
of  Asiatic  slaves,  but  to  tear  the  Lilies  from  the  citadel  was, 
indeed,  a  splendid  achievement. 

The  laurels  won  here  were  won  from  no  poltroons,  but 
from  the  brave,  romantic,  chivalrous,  but  unfortunate  chil 
dren  of  glorious  France.  The  glory  of  this  day  is  enough 
for  all.  Enough  for  English  and  American  on  the  one  hand 
and  the  gallant  soldiers  of  Louis  on  the  other.  Both  sides 
were  equally  brave,  but  fortune,  as  usual,  favored  the  big 
ger  battalions.  Captain  Mahan  is  right.  The  true  secret 
of  England's  empire,  of  her  long  roll  of  victories,  is  her  sea 
power.  Had  France  instead  of  England  controlled  the  sea, 
French  would  be  to-day  the  language  of  Boston,  Philadel 
phia,  and  New  York.  It  was  this  long  century  of  struggle 
which  decided  the  fate  of  the  continent,  and  hence  the 
gratitude  which  we  feel  to  those  who  battled  so  long,  so 
gallantly,  and  so  successfully  for  the  Cross  of  St.  George. 

Our  Society  of  Colonial  Wars  is  devoted  to  doing  justice 
to  this  very  period,  to  the  men  who  raised  the  scattered  and 
attenuated  fringe  of  settlements  along  the  Atlantic  into  the 
mighty  republic  which  is  to-day  the  peer  of  the  greatest 
power  on  earth.  We  wish  that  the  unconquerable  energy, 
the  heroic  courage,  the  devoted  patriotism  of  those  earlier 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE    MEN    AT    LOULSI3UKG.  53 

days  when  Americans  really  became  Americans,  should  re 
main  the  distinguishing  characteristics  of  our  race  to  the 
end  of  time. 

And  therefore  we  erect  this  monument  to  the  memory  of 
our  heroic  ancestors  and  as  an  inspiration  to  heroism  for  all 
generations  of  Americans. 

Mr.  Everett  Pepperell  Wheeler,  of  New  York, 
one  of  the  few  living  descendants  of  the  hero  of 
Louishurg,  General  Pepperell,  and  a  member  of 
the  New  York  State  Society  of  Colonial  Wars,  de 
livered  the  following  oration  of  the  day: 

Mr.  Governor,  G-entlemen  of  the  Society  of  Colonial  Wars, 
and  Guests:  Heaven  smiles  on  our  undertaking.  The 
northwest  wind  has  driven  away  the  clouds  and  fogs  of  the 
past  week.  Under  the  blue  Cape  Breton  sky  we  commem 
orate  achievements  that,  in  their  ultimate  result,  gave  to 
the  two  great  North  American  commonwealths  their  goodly 
heritage. 

The  Roman  historian  tells  us  that  the  leaders  of  his  time 
used  to  say  that  when  they  looked  on  the  statues  of  their 
ancestors  their  souls  were  stirred  with  a  passion  of  virtue. 
It  was  not  the  marble,  nor  the  features  that  in  themselves 
had  force.  But  the  memory  of  their  noble  deeds  kindled  a 
flame  in  the  breasts  of  their  descendants  which  could  not 
be  quenched  until  their  actions  had  equaled  the  renown 
and  worth  of  their  fathers. 

In  like  manner  we  dedicate  this  monument  in  a  spirit  of 
gratitude  to  God  and  noble  emulation  for  the  heroism  of 
man.  No  narrow  spirit  of  local  self-gratulation  has  brought 
us  hither.  We  are  glad  to  recognize  that  British  sailors  and 
colonial  soldiers  shared  in  the  difficulties  and  dangers  of 
the  siege  whose  successful  issue  we  celebrate  to-day.  And 
we  are  swift  to  acknowledge  the  courage  and  endurance  of 
the  garrison,  who,  cut  off  from  succor  and  short  of  provi- 


54  NEW    HAMPSHIRE    MEN    AT    LOUISBUKG. 

sions,  offered  brave  resistance  for  seven  weeks  to  the  British 
fleet  and  the  regiments  of  Massachusetts,  New  Hampshire, 
and  Connecticut. 

In  the  Parliament  of  Quebec  questions  have  been  put  to 
the  government,  indicating  that  the  member  who  asked 
them  thought  that  this  monument  \vas  erected  in  the  spirit 
of  triumph  over  a  fallen  foe.  To  him  I  reply  that  we 
have  not  thus  learned  the  lessons  of  history.  This  col 
umn  points  upward  to  the  stars,  and  away  from  the  petty 
jealousies  that  man  the  earth.  It  will  tell,  we  trust,  to  many 
generations,  the  story  of  the  courage,  heroic  fortitude,  and 
manly  energy  of  those  who  fought  behind  the  ramparts,  as 
well  as  of  those  who  fought  in  the  trenches.  Some  histo 
rians,  it  is  true,  have  underrated  the  bravery  of  the  defenders 
of  the  city,  and  even  asserted  that  they  surrendered  before 
a  breach  was  made  in  their  walls,  and  when  they  might  well 
have  held  out  for  months.  The  best  answer  to  this  is  con 
tained  in  an  original  document  which  gives  the  most 
authentic  account  of  the  siege  :  Governor  Shirley's  letter  to 
the  Duke  of  Newcastle.  This  was  certified  by  Pepperell 
himself  and  by  Waldo,  Moore,  Lothrop,  and  Gridley.  It 
gives  the  following  graphic  description  of  the  condition  of 
the  fortress  when  Du  Chambon  surrendered : 

"And  now,  the  Grand  Battery  being  in  our  possession, 
the  Island  Battery  (esteemed  by  the  French  the  Palladium 
of  Louisburg)  so  much  annoyed  from  the  Lighthouse  Bat 
tery,  that  they  could  not  entertain  the  hope  of  keeping  it 
much  longer ;  the  enemy's  northeast  battery  being  dam 
aged,  and  so  much  exposed  to  the  fire  from  our  advanced 
battery,  that  they  could  not  stand  to  their  guns;  the  circu 
lar  battery  ruined,  and  all  its  guns  but  three  dismounted, 
whereby  the  Harbour  was  disarmed  of  all  its  principal  bat 
teries  ;  the  west  gate  of  the  city  being  demolished,  and  a 
breach  made  in  the  adjoining  wall ;  the  west  flank  of  the 
King's  Bastion  almost  ruined  ;  and  most  of  the  other  guns, 
which  had  been  mounted  during  the  time  of  the  siege  being 


NEAV    HAMPSHIRE    MEN    AT    LOUISBUKG.  55 

silenced;  all  the  houses  and  other  buildings  within  the  city 
(some  of  which  were  quite  demolished)  so  damaged,  that 
but  one  among  them  was  left  unhurt;  the  enemy  extremely 
harassed  by  their  long  confinement  within  their  casemates, 
and  other  covered  holes,  and  their  stock  of  ammunition 
being  almost  exhausted,  Mr.  Du  Chambon  sent  out  a  flag 
of  truce." 

The  men  who  stood  in  the  trenches  at  Louisburg  or 
dragged  their  cannon  across  its  morasses  were  the  best 
men  of  their  colonies.  They  came  hither  inspired  by  no 
greed  for  conquest.  Their  expedition  was  really  a  defen 
sive  one.  Their  commerce  had  been  assailed,  their  fron 
tier  settlements  ravaged  by  hostile  Indians,  their  wives 
and  children  massacred  or  carried  into  captivity.  Lonis- 
burg  was  the  harbor  where  the  French  privateers  found 
refuge,  and  whence  marauding  expeditions  sallied  forth. 
Its  massive  walls  were  twenty-five  years  in  building. 
Time  has  dealt  hardly  with  these,  but  their  ruins  still  bear 
witness  to  what  was  called  at  the  time,  the  Dunkirk  of 
America.  The  harbor  which  they  covered  you  behold 
before  you.  landlocked  and  secure  from  the  storms  of  this 
rockbound  coast.  The  Island  Battery  and  the  Grand  Bat 
tery  barred  all  hostile  entrance.  And  the  city  had  mag 
azines  from  which  all  Canada  might  be  supplied. 

The  immediate  occasion  of  the  Louisburg  expedition 
was  an  appeal  for  aid  from  Nova  Scotia.  In  the  archives 
of  that  province  you  will  find  a  letter  from  Governor  Mas- 
carene  to  Governor  Shirley,  of  Massachusetts.  It  was 
written  at  Annapolis  Royall,  December,  1744.  In  this 
your  governor  tells  the  story  of  the  outbreak  of  war. 

The  honor  of  suggesting  the  Louisburg  expedition  has 
been  claimed  by  several.  Probably  the  thought  occurred 
to  more  than  one.  The  New  England  people  were  ripe 
for  the  attempt.  Their  state  of  mind  at  the  time  is  well 
described  by  Belknap,  the  historian  of  N«w  Hampshire: 


56  NEW    HAMPSHIRE    MEN    AT    LOUISBTJRG. 

"c  There  are  certain  latent  sparks  in  human  nature  which, 
by  a  collision  of  causes,  are  sometimes  brought  to  light, 
and,  when  once  excited,  their  operations  are  not  easily 
controlled.  In  undertaking  anything  hazardous,  there  is 
a  necessity  for  extraordinary  vigor  of  mind  and  a  degree 
of  confidence  and  fortitude  which  shall  raise  us  above  the 
dread  of  danger  and  dispose  us  to  run  a  risk  which  the 
cold  maxims  of  prudence  would  forbid.  The  people  of 
New  England  have  at  various  times  shown  such  an  enthu 
siastic  ardor,  which  has  been  excited  by  the  example  of 
their  ancestors  and  their  own  exposed  situation.  It  was 
never  more  apparent,  and  perhaps  never  more  necessary, 
than  on  occasion  of  this  expedition.  Nor  ought  it  to  be 
forgotten  that  several  circumstances,  which  did  not  de 
pend  on  human  foresight,  greatly  favored  this  undertak 
ing." 

The  General  Court  of  Massachusetts  decided,  on  Janu 
ary  29,  by  a  majority  of  one  vote,  to  undertake  the  expe 
dition.  Immediately  preparations  were  made  with  the 
utmost  speed.  Those  who  had  opposed  the  plan,  because 
of  its  danger,  vied  with  its  supporters  in  activity  to  pro 
mote  its  success. 

It  is  not  surprising  that  the  enterprise  should  have 
aroused  the  enthusiasm  of  men  like  the  colonists  of  that 
day.  They  were  the  most  resolute  and  fearless  of  a  res 
olute  and  fearless  race.  Religious  zeal  had  led  some  to 
this  country.  Love  of  adventure  had  influenced  others. 
They  were  inured  to  hardship  by  constant  struggle  with 
nature.  They  had  built  their  own  houses  and  their  own 
ships,  had  cleared  forests  and  ploughed  fields. 

The  exigency  of  their  situation  had  made  them  ready 
for  any  emergency.  There  were  few  factories  in  America, 
and  the  necessaries  of  life  were  largely  supplied  by  the 
industry  of  the  hamlets.  The  embroidered  waistcoats  and 
purple  coats  of  the  gentry,  as  you  see  them  in  the  portraits 
of  Copley  and  Smybert,  came  from  home,  as  England  still 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE   MEN    AT    LOUIS IHTIiG.  57 

was  called.  But  the  garments  of  the  sailors  and  farmers, 
who  battered  down  the  walls  of  Louisburg,  were  woven 
around  their  firesides  in  the  long  winter  evenings. 

And  then  we  must  remember  that  the  people  of  the 
thirteen  colonies  were  a  commercial  and  seafaring  people. 
They  dwelt  in  a  narrow  strip  of  land  extending  along  the 
Atlantic  coast. 

Thus  have  I  tried  to  sketch  the  characteristics  of  the 
Americans  of  1745.  In  times  of  peril  such  characteristics 
always  find  embodiment  in  a  leader.  It  is  common  and 
easy  to  say  that  great  men  are  but  the  expression  of  their 
time  and  lead  it  only  in  the  sense  that  the  spray  leads  the 
billow.  That  is  but  half  the  truth.  When  God  gives  to 
mankind  the  inestimable  gift  of  a  great  man,  he  does,  it  is 
true,  represent  the  spirit  of  his  age.  But  he  leads  it,  as 
the  moon  does  the  tides.  Happy  the  people  who  appre 
ciate  such  a  man  and  are  filled  by  his  spirit,  as  the  Bay  of 
Fundy  in  every  creek  and  inlet  is  filled  by  the  advancing 
flood.  It  was  fortunate  for  the  colonies  that  in  the  emer 
gency  of  1745  there  was  a  leader  whom  they  trusted,  <tnd 
who  was  wise  enough  to  discard  the  visionary  schemes  of 
others;  brave  enough  to  face  the  veterans  of  France, 
intrenched  behind  the  walls  which  the  skill  and  experi 
ence  of  Vauban  had  planned,  and  self-sacrificing  enough 
to  leave  home  and  business,  and  all  that  made  life 
pleasant  and  sweet,  to  endure  the  hardship  and  peril  of 
this  expedition,  which  Parkman  calls  "  a  mad  scheme"- 
but  which  Pepperell  and  his  followers  dared  to  under 
take. 

I  could  not  do  justice  to  the  occasion  or  the  subject  if  I 
failed  to  speak  for  a  moment  of  his  remarkable  career.  He 
was  a  notable  instance  of  the  versatility  and  adaptiveness 
which  the  life  of  those  daj's  compelled,  lie  was  a  success 
ful  merchant.  He  was  a  gallant  soldier,  accustomed  from 
early  youth  to  draw  the  sword  in  defense  of  his  home  and 
country.  He  had  been  in  actual  service  against  the  In- 


58  NEW    HAMPSHIRE    MEX    AT    LOUTSBUKG. 

dians  before  he  was  twenty-one.     It  might  have  been  said 
of  him,  as  it  was  of  Wolfe,  that  he, 

Where'er  he  fought, 

Put  so  much  of  his  heart  into  his  act, 

That  his  example  had  a  magnet's  force, 

And  all  were  swift  to  follow,  whom  all  loved. 

He  was  for  twenty-nine  years  chief  justice  of  the  Court 
of  Common  Pleas  for  Maine.  He  was  an  active  and  con 
spicuous  member  of  His  Majesty's  Council  for  the  colony 
of  Massachusetts.  It  is  but  just  to  him  to  add  that  his 
religion  was  not  disfigured  by  bigotry  or  intolerance.  It 
was  an  evident  power  in  his  life,  but  it  always  respected 
the  religion  of  others. 

And  now  let  me  return  to  the  story  of  the  expedition 
itself.  I  will  not  dwell  upon  its  details.  Representatives 
of  societies  from  various  states  have  spoken  of  what  each 
colony  did  to  promote  its  success.  Massachusetts  (which 
then  included  Maine)  certainly  did  the  most.  She  was 
the  richest  and  most  populous.  But  New  Hampshire  and 
Connecticut  did  much,  and  New  York,  New  Jersey,  Rhode 
Island,  and  Pennsylvania  came  forward  to  aid,  though  no 
troops  of  theirs  were  in  the  trenches.  A  Rhode  Island 
sloop  of  war  rendered  essential  service. 

When  we  remember  how  difficult  communication  be 
tween  the  colonies  was  at  the  time  of  which  we  are  speak 
ing,  we  shall  wonder  that  they  acted  so  much  in  concert — 
not  that  they  did  no  more.  The  mails  were  infrequent- 
roads  were  poor.  Oftentimes  the  travelers  in  a  stage 
coach  were  obliged  to  get  out  and  lift  the  wheels  out  of 
the  mud  in  which  they  sunk  to  the  hubs.  No  one  had 
even  dreamed  of  railroad  or  electric  telegraph.  The  won 
derful  power  of  steam  was  unknown.  It  will  help  us  to 
realize  the  obstacles  which  beset  any  concerted  action  on 
the  part  of  the  colonies  when  we  remember  that  even  in 
the  old  mother  country  roads  were  so  bad,  and  the  trans 
mission  of  intelligence  so  slow,  that  the  Chevalier  had 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE    MEN    AT    LOUISBURG.  59 

been  in  Scotland  nearly  three  weeks  before  the  news 
reached  Edinburgh.  The  tidings  of  the  surrender  of 
Louisburg  did  not  reach  Boston  until  July  3,  sixteen 
days  after  the  event,  and  were  first  known  in  New  York  a 
week  later. 

Such  were  the  difficulties  that  our  fathers  had  to  face. 
Yet,  withal,  they  had  encouragement.  Providence  had 
favored  their  cause.  The  harvest  of  1744  had  been  abun 
dant,  the  winter  was  mild,  the  frontiers  of  New  England 
had  been  unmolested,  unexpected  supplies  arrived  from 
Great  Britain.  The  Grand  Battery  was  not  well  fortified 
on  the  land  side.  The  city  had  deprived  itself  of  provis 
ions  to  furnish  the  East  India  fleet  and  squadron  for  its 
recent  voyage  to  France,  and  the  Vigilante,  which  brought 
supplies,  was  captured  by  Warren.  The  weather  during 
the  siege  was  generally  fine.  The  colonial  troops  cap 
tured  in  the  Grand  Battery,  and  fished  up  at  the  careen 
ing  basin,  the  heavy  cannon  which  they  needed. 

But  all  these  would  have  availed  nothing  had  it  not 
been  for  the  courage,  the  perseverance,  the  aptitude  of  the 
men  who  took  advantage  of  these  favoring  circumstances, 
and  brought  their  fleet  of  100  vessels,  with  the  little  army  of 
4,050  men,  safely  to  Causeau.  There,  to  their  great  delight, 
on  April  23,  appeared  Warren's  squadron.  Thence  they 
sailed  to  Louisburg;  on  April  30,  the  troops  landed,  and 
after  seven  weeks  of  toil  and  peril,  diversified,  as  we  learn, 
when  the  soldiers  were  off  duty,  by  games  and  sports,  the 
fortress  was  theirs. 

Their  hardihood  and  daring  are  described  in  the  words 
of  one  of  the  gallant  French  garrison  as  repeated  by  Gib 
son  in  the  journal  before-mentioned  : 

"  This  gentleman,  I  say,  told  me  that  he  had  not  had 
his  clothes  off  his  back,  either  by  night  or  day,  from  the 
first  commencement  of  the  siege.  He  added,  moreover, 
that  in  all  the  histories  he  had  ever  read,  he  never  met 


60  NEW    HAMPSHIRE    MEN    AT   LOUISBURG. 

with  an  instance  of  so  bold  and  presumptuous  an  attempt; 
that  'twas  almost  impracticable,  as  any  one  could  think, 
for  only  three  or  four  thousand  raw,  undisciplined  men  to 
lay  siege  to  such  a  strong,  well-fortified  city,  such  garri 
sons,  batteries,  etc.  For  should  any  one  have  asked  me, 
said  he,  what  number  of  men  would  have  been  sufficient 
to  have  carried  on  that  very  enterprise,  he  should  have 
answered  not  less  than  thirty  thousand.  To  this  he  sub 
joined  that  he  never  heard  of  or  ever  saw  such  courage 
and  intrepidity  in  such  a  handful  of  men,  who  regarded 
neither  shot  nor  bombs.  But  what  was  still  more  surpris 
ing  than  all  the  rest,  he  said,  was  this,  namely,  to  see  bat 
teries  raised  in  a  night's  time,  and  more  particularly  the 
Fascine  battery,  which  was  not  five-and-twenty  rods  from 
the  city  wall ;  and  to  see  guns  that  were  forty-two  pound 
ers  dragged  by  the  English  from  their  grand  battery,  not 
withstanding  it  was  two  miles  distant,  at  least,  and  the 
road,  too,  very  rough." 

The  tidings  of  the  surrender  were  received  throughout 
the  colonies  with  the  utmost  enthusiasm.  The  contempo 
rary  accounts  are  too  graphic  not  to  be  quoted : 

"Now  the  churl  and  the  niggard  became  generous,  and 
even  the  poor  forgot  their  poverty,  and  in  the  evening  the 
whole  town  (Boston)  appeared,  as  it  were,  in  a  blaze, 
almost  every  house  being  finely  illuminated." 

And  now,  let  us  pause  for  a  moment  and  ask  what  was 
the  result  of  this  expedition.  Do  its  consequences  merit  a 
monument?  At  first  sight,  apparently  not.  The  capture 
of  Louisburg  is  one  of  those  historical  events  which  was 
fruitful  of  great  results,  but  which,  for  the  most  part,  are 
slow  in  germination.  Immediately  it  secured  the  cod 
fishery  to  the  colonists  for  three  years;  it  cut  the  French 
fishermen  off  from  the  Banks  for  a  like  period  ;  it  destroyed 
the  French  Atlantic  trade  for  1745:  it  gave  the  English  a 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE   MEN   AT    LOUISBURG.  61 

prize  which  enabled  them  to  buy  back  Madras  at  the  treaty 
of  Aix  la  Chapelle.  India  was  more  valuable  in  the  eyes 
of  the  Duke  of  Newcastle  than  all  the  Atlantic  colonies. 

But  the  remote  consequences  of  this  expedition  far  trans 
cend  in  importance  these  immediate  ones.  It  was  a  school 
of  arms  for  the  colonial  troops.  Gridley,  who  planned  the 
parallels  and  trenches  at  Louisburg,  laid  out  also  the  fortifi 
cations  of  Bunker  Hill. 

Its  success  showed  the  colonies  their  power  and  the 
necessity  for  their  union.  It  showed  them,  too,  that  in  the 
councils  of  Great  Britain  their  affairs  were  of  minor  im 
portance.  This  was  a  dreadful  shock  to  the  loyal  love  of 
the  old  home  which  then  was  general  in  the  colonies.  On 
the  other  hand,  the  capture  of  Louisburg  pointed  out  to 
William  Pitt  the  possibility  of  the  conquest  of  the  whole  of 
Canada,  and  paved  the  way  for  that. 

In  the  next  war  Canada  was  conquered,  and  the  English 
colonists  freed  from  the  fear  of  attack  from  their  neighbor 
on  the  north.  The  expenses  of  this  war  and  the  consequent 
demands  of  the  British  exchequer,  led  the  ministry  to  tax 
the  colonies.  America  resisted,  and  the  result  was  the 
American  lie  volution.  By  an  extraordinary  turn  in  the 
wheel  of  time,  the  French  assisted  the  old  English  colonies 
to  become  an  independent  nation,  while  the  old  French 
colonies  remained  the  property  of  Great  Britain. 

It  is  now  one  hundred  and  fifty  years  since  the  surrender 
of  Louisburg.  It  is  one  hundred  and  twelve  years  since 
the  treaty  of  Paris  recognized  the  independence  of  the 
United  States  and  confirmed  to  Great  Britain  the  possession 
of  Canada.  Surely  the  rancor  of  the  old  wars  ought  by 
this  time  to  be  burned  completely  out.  Surely  we  can  now 
agree  that  the  development  of  these  countries  during  all 
that  time  has  been  promoted  by  the  result  of  those  old 
wars.  And  despite,  perhaps  partly  in  consequence  of,  the 
magnitude  and  costliness  of  the  fleets  and  armies  of  to-day, 
we  may  believe  that  the  ties  of  Christian  faith,  the  links  of 


62  NEW    HAMPSHIRE    MEN    AT    LOUISBURCJ. 

mutual  trade,  the  bands  of  friendship,  the  swift  steamer, 
and  the  swifter  electric  current  have  bound  us  so  closely 
together  that  English  and  French  and  American  armies 
shall  never  more  meet  on  the  battlefield.  We  vie  in  the 
peaceful  contests  of  art  and  science,  and  will  settle  the 
inevitable  disputes  by  arbitration.  There  are  social  prob 
lems  before  us,  as  difficult  of  solution  as  any  that  have 
vexed  the  past.  The  very  complication  of  the  interlacing 
nerves  of  our  modern  civilization,  which  offers  so  many 
obstacles  to  war  and  binds  nations  over  to  keep  the  peace, 
is  producing  disorders  and  dangers  within  each  state  that 
require  nicer  surgery  than  that  of  the  sword  or  the  bayonet. 
It  is  then  with  faces  to  the  future  that  we  dedicate  this 
monument  to  the  memory  of  all  the  brave  men  who  fought 
and  fell  at  Louisburg,  whether  under  the  Cross  of  St.  George 
or  the  Lilies  of  France.  The  morning  sun  will  illumine 
its  summit.  The  sunset  ray  will  gild  its  massive  and  simple 
outline.  The  storms  and  fogs  of  Cape  Breton  will  gather 
round  it.  In  sunshine  and  storm  alike,  let  it  tell  to  all 
mankind  that  peace  lias  her  victories,  no  less  renowned 
than  war;  that  the  courage  and  resolution  of  the  fathers 
live  in  the  hearts  of  their  children  ;  that  we  are  prepared  to 
face  the  conflicts,  the  difficulties  and  the  perils  of  the 
coming  century  in  firm  reliance  upon  the  protecting  care 
of  the  same  God  who  was  with  our  fathers  and  will  be  with 
all  who  are  loyal  to  Him  to  the  end  of  time. 

Addresses  were  also  made  by  Dr.  Mackay  of  the 
~N.  S.  Historical  Society,  D.  H.  Ingraham,  United 
States  consul-general  for  Nova  Scotia,  and  repre 
sentatives  of  the  various  State  Societies  of  Colonial 
Wars,  when  the  monument  was  unveiled  by  His 
Honor  Lieutenant-Governor  Daly  of  Nova  Scotia, 
on  behalf  of  His  Excellency  the  Earl  of  Aberdeen, 
governor-general  of  Canada;  and  salutes  were  fired. 


NEW    HAMPSHIRE    MEN    AT    LO1TISHTTR(J.  63 

After  benediction  by  the  Rev.  T.  Eraser  Draper, 
rector  of  St.  Bartholomew's  Church,  Louisburg,  the 
members  of  the  Society  of  Colonial  Wars  and  their 
guests  dined  together. 

In  the  evening,  at  the  Sydney  hotel,  the  mayor 
and  recorder  of  Sydney  and  warden  of  the  muni 
cipality  presented  an  address  of  welcome,  congratu 
lation,  and  thanks  to  the  visiting  members  of  the 
Society  of  Colonial  Wars.  Happy  responses  were 
made  by  several  of  the  visitors  and  by  A.  G.  Jones, 
and  a  very  pleasant  time  was  brought  to  a  close  by 
singing  "Auld  Lang  Syne." 


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